Presentation On COMMUNICATION
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COMMUNICATION Presentation Transcript:
1.COMMUNICATION
2.Communication
Transferring information from one part of the business to another that leads to some outcome, changed behaviour or changed practice
Formal Communication – established and agreed procedures
Informal Communication – channels not formally recognised – ‘the grapevine’
3.Communication
4.Means of Communication
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-Oral
-Written
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-Sign language
@Visual sign
@Audio sign
-Body Language
-Paralanguage
5.ORAL COMMUNICATION
Downward Communication
-Lectures
-Meetings
-Personal instructions
-Social and cultural affairs
-Grapevine
Upward Communication
-Conferences
-Face to face communication
-Telephone and other devices
6.Horizontal communication
-Grapevine
-Meeting and conferencing
-Social and other activities
Diagonal Communication
-Meetings
-Group Discussions
-Brainstorming exercise
-Official get together
7.WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
Characteristics
-Creative Activity
-Time factors
-Fewer cycles
Importance
-Record keeping
-Acts as exchange material
-Legal defences
-Reduces the possibility of misunderstanding
8.Communication
Medium:
Letters
Memo
Report
Notice board
Faxes
Telephone
E-mail
Face to face
Body language
Video/video conferencing
Internet
9.Choice of Medium affected by:
Need for record
Direction of the information flow
Number of people to be reached
Confidentiality
Nature of the information – length, complexity, speed of transfer
Cost of the medium
10.Communication
Barriers to Successful Communication
Ability of the sender – how much the sender understands of the message they are trying to send
Content – including technicalities and jargon
Method of communication – including style and body language where appropriate!
Skills and attitude of the receiver
Organisational factors – complexity of the organisation, scope of the organisation
Cultural attitudes
Perceptions, prejudices and stereotypes
Inappropriate target for the message
Technical capabilities – ICT!
11.GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Ideas and message should be clear, brief and precise.
Sense of timing.
Integrity.
Consultation.
Help the receiver.
Proper follow-up.
Comprehensive communication.
12.Overcoming barriers
Feedback and upward communication.
Improve listening skills.
Develop writing skills.
Avoid credibility gaps.
13.COMMUNICATION IN ORGANISATION-STRUCTURE
Entrepreneurial - decisions made centrally
Pyramid - staff have a role, shared decision making, specialisation is possible
Matrix - staff with specific skills join project teams, individuals have responsibility
Independent - seen in professions where organisation provides support systems and little else
14.Illustrating Structures 1
15.Illustrating Structures 2
Entrepreneurial
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COMMUNICATION Presentation Transcript:
1.COMMUNICATION
2.Communication
Transferring information from one part of the business to another that leads to some outcome, changed behaviour or changed practice
Formal Communication – established and agreed procedures
Informal Communication – channels not formally recognised – ‘the grapevine’
3.Communication
4.Means of Communication
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-Oral
-Written
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-Sign language
@Visual sign
@Audio sign
-Body Language
-Paralanguage
5.ORAL COMMUNICATION
Downward Communication
-Lectures
-Meetings
-Personal instructions
-Social and cultural affairs
-Grapevine
Upward Communication
-Conferences
-Face to face communication
-Telephone and other devices
6.Horizontal communication
-Grapevine
-Meeting and conferencing
-Social and other activities
Diagonal Communication
-Meetings
-Group Discussions
-Brainstorming exercise
-Official get together
7.WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
Characteristics
-Creative Activity
-Time factors
-Fewer cycles
Importance
-Record keeping
-Acts as exchange material
-Legal defences
-Reduces the possibility of misunderstanding
8.Communication
Medium:
Letters
Memo
Report
Notice board
Faxes
Telephone
Face to face
Body language
Video/video conferencing
Internet
9.Choice of Medium affected by:
Need for record
Direction of the information flow
Number of people to be reached
Confidentiality
Nature of the information – length, complexity, speed of transfer
Cost of the medium
10.Communication
Barriers to Successful Communication
Ability of the sender – how much the sender understands of the message they are trying to send
Content – including technicalities and jargon
Method of communication – including style and body language where appropriate!
Skills and attitude of the receiver
Organisational factors – complexity of the organisation, scope of the organisation
Cultural attitudes
Perceptions, prejudices and stereotypes
Inappropriate target for the message
Technical capabilities – ICT!
11.GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Ideas and message should be clear, brief and precise.
Sense of timing.
Integrity.
Consultation.
Help the receiver.
Proper follow-up.
Comprehensive communication.
12.Overcoming barriers
Feedback and upward communication.
Improve listening skills.
Develop writing skills.
Avoid credibility gaps.
13.COMMUNICATION IN ORGANISATION-STRUCTURE
Entrepreneurial - decisions made centrally
Pyramid - staff have a role, shared decision making, specialisation is possible
Matrix - staff with specific skills join project teams, individuals have responsibility
Independent - seen in professions where organisation provides support systems and little else
14.Illustrating Structures 1
15.Illustrating Structures 2
Entrepreneurial
