PPT On Problem Solving as a Teaching Method

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 Problem Solving as a Teaching Method Presentation Transcript

1.OBJECTIVES

• This method helps students to gain the ability to solve the scientific problem, by implementing this in each area of problems
• Whit this method,teachers aim is to raise a youth which can solve problems in scientific way not just creating problems.

2. WHAT IS PROBLEM
A problem is an obstacle or obstruction of some sort to the attainment of an object, a sort of difficulty which dose not enable the individual to reach a goal easily.

3.MEANING OF PROBLEM SOLVING

• Problem solving is an instructional method or technique where by the teacher and pupils attempt in a conscious, planned and purposeful effort to arrive of some explanation or solution to some educationally significant difficulty.
• “Problem solving means engaging in a task for which the solution method is not known in advance.”
• It encompasses exploring, reasoning, strategizing, estimating, conjecturing, testing, explaining, and proving.

4.DEFINITION OF PROBLEM SOLVING
  According to Yokam and Simpson
“A problem occurs in a situation in which a felt difficulty to act is realized. It is a difficulty clearly present and recognized by the thinker. It may be purely mental difficulty or it may be physical and involve the manipulation of data. The individual recognizes it as a challenge”.

5. WHAT IS PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD?
Problem solving is a process to choose and use the effective and benefical tool and behaviours among the different potentialities to reach the target.It contains scientific method,critical thinking,decision making, examining and reflective thinking.

6.NATURE OF THE PROBLEM SOLVING

• Problem – solving presupposes the existence of a problem in the learning – teaching situation.
• It is a method of organization of subject matter in such a way that it can be dealt with through the study of problems.
• Problem grow in complexity as he grow older and older
• Problem is directed by a goal.

7.ESSENTIAL FEATURE OF A PROBLEM
These are-

• The problem should be meaningful, interesting and worthwhile for children.
• It should have correlation with life.
• It should have some correlation with others subjects if possible.
• It should arise out of the real needs of the students.
• The child must  posses some background of the problem which they are going to discuss.
• The problem should be clearly defined.
• The solution of the problem should be found out by the students themselves working under the guidance and supervision of the teacher.

8.MAJOR APPROACHES IN PROBLEM-SOLVING

1. Inductive approach
2. Deductive approach
3. Analytic approach
4. Synthetic approach

1.Inductive approach
It is a method of discovery and therefore, it is a method of teaching.
First particular cases are dealt with and then definition, principles and rules are derived from them.
It leads to knew knowledge.


2. Deductive approach
It is a method of verification and explanation and therefore, it is a method of instruction.
First general definition, principles and rules are stated and particular cases are taken as eg: to prove them.
The child gets ready made information acquired by others.

3. Analytic approach
Analysis means the breaking of the problem
It is the process of unfolding of the problem or conducting its operation to know its hidden aspects.

4. Synthetic approach
Synthesis is to place together things that are apart.
It is the process of putting together known his bits of information to reach the point where unknown information become obvious and true.
 
9.PRINCIPLES OF PROBLEM SOLVING

• Ensure prompt attention
• Separate large to resolve smaller problems
• Follow policies to resolve smaller problems
• Delegate smaller problem to subordinate
• Consult with management for major problem
• Relaxed in approaching problem
• Accept the problem
• Consult with experts

10. WHAT SKILLS DO YOU USE IN PROBLEM SOLVING

• Making judgment
• Analytical skill
• Decision making
• Collecting information
• Planning

 11.MERITS OF PROBLEM SOLVING

• Stimulation of thinking
• Help in reasoning power
• To improve knowledge
• Developing good study habits
• Student learn to be self dependent
• Maintenance of  discipline
• Learning become more interesting
• Develop power of critical judgment 
• It give to variety opinion
• It satisfies curiosity
• It help to learn how to act in a new situation

12.  OBSTACLES IN PROBLEM-SOLVING

• Lack of resources-men, money and material
• Limited time
• Scarce information sources
• Inadequate data
• Personality or attitude of manger to solve the problem
• Stress
• Over-simplification

13.USES OF PROBLEM SOLVING IN NURSING

• Develop ability to analyses the problem and to take proper judgment / solution in the critical condition.
• It helps the students to solve his problem in real life situation without much stress.
• It helps the students to solve the similar problems in future with confidence.
• It develops critical thinking of pupil, by selecting many alternative solutions.
• Develop ability to analyses the problem and to take proper judgment / solution in the critical condition.
• It helps the students to solve his problem in real life situation without much stress.
• It helps the students to solve the similar problems in future with confidence.
• It develops critical thinking of pupil, by selecting many alternative solutions.
• It will develop mutual understanding among the group members.
• It helps the nurse to develop a skills which also help the patient in interpreting their feelings of distress.
• Nurse helps the patient, how he can economies.
• Develop team group/collaborative approach for problem solving.
• Develop ability in nurse to select the problem solving strategy according to patient’s abilities and life style.

 14. FOR MORE INFORMATION REFER TO PPT.

15. THANK YOU