PPT ON METHODS OF CLINICAL TEACHING

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METHODS OF CLINICAL TEACHING Presentation Transcript

1.INTRODUCTION

    Nursing education is a practice discipline. The students will learn the subject matter by doing the things and practicing the skills. Clinical teaching will provide the places where the actual clients are being cured for. Learning experiences require the presence of clinical instructor, guide, reinforce and correct the behavior of the learners.

2. DEFINITION

Clinical teaching methods refer to the logical course of actions to accomplish particular educational goals in a specific environment in which students can get opportunities of learning outcomes.

3. SELECTION OF METHODS

It should be based on expected outcomes, principles of teaching, learning and learners. Teaching strategies in clinical settings are unique.

4. WHO CAN PARTICIPATE

Various members of health team can take part in clinical teaching program such as doctors, head nurse, staff nurse and clinical instructor etc.

HOW TO SUPPORT THESE METHODS-
Well planned ward teaching program provides a valuable contribution to the students. Educational objectives are clear to all members who are taking part in ward teaching. It should be4 an integral part of Nursing Curriculum. 

5. CLASSIFICATION OF THE CLINICAL TEACHING METHODS

There are various clinical teaching methods to make the learning more effective. Some of the most commonly used clinical teaching methods are as follows-
1.   Nursing Care Plan
2.   Nursing Case Study
3.   Bedside Clinics
4.   Nursing Rounds
5.   Nursing Care Conference
6.   Group Conference
7.   Individual Conference
8.   Demonstration and Re-demonstration
9.   Process Recording
10. Clinical Assignment

6. NURSING CARE PLAN

• The nursing care plan is used to provide a guide to patient care.
• Plan is made based on priority, as the nursing needs are vary from patient to patient and it should be based as per his need.
• Nursing care plan is a projected plan and is for immediate and future use.
• Nursing care plan helps students provide more competent and need based care.
• Students are required to write the care plan implement, evaluate and modify to meet the patients needs.
• Student can discuss the plan with the clinical instructor regarding intervention and rational for the care.

7. ROLE OF TEACHER

• To guide the discussion.
• Correct any wrong concepts.
• Give additional information to meet the objectives.
• To evaluate the student’s level of knowledge and skills and their actual applications in nursing.

ADVANTAGES

• Better nursing care due to efforts of students.
• Student gain greater understanding of human psychology.
• It helps to understand the effects the disease on the patient and family.
• Student can learn problem solving approach.

8. BEDSIDE CLINIC:MEANING AND CONCEPT

• It’s a method of clinical teaching where patient’s medical history and therapies are discussed in brief followed by identification of patient’s problem.
• Bedside clinic is one of the most effective method of clinical teaching. New knowledge is acquired through observation and study of the actual patient.

9. METHODS OF BEDSIDE OF CLINICS

1. Clinic can be held at the bedside or can bring the patient to the classroom near the ward.
2. Patient should have typical condition.
3. Duration usually 30 minutes.
4. Group of students should be small. (6-8).
5. Make the patient comfortable.
6. Prior permission should always be taken from patient.
7. Patient may requested to talk about family, onset of disease and signs and symptoms.
8. Patient not present for entire discussion.
9. Nursing care, patient’s problems and treatment therapies all to discussed before he is brought to ward classroom.
10. Nothing should be done to hurt patient’s feelings.
11. Clinical instructor may lead the discussion.
12. After this group interact with the patient and patient allowed to go to his bed.
13. Topic summarized, important points emphasized and evaluation done by the clinical instructor.   

10. NURSING ROUNDS MEANING

Very important methods mainly used by ward sister, clinical instructor for clinical teaching. Large group of patients are discussed for their specific problems. Medical and nursing care given at bedside. This method helps us to know all the patients in ward. Their bed to bed discussion about patients problems and solutions.

PURPOSES
Encourage teaching among students about various cases in the ward.
Enhances student knowledge about different patients.

TIMINGS FOR NURSING ROUNDSIt should not interfere with the ward routine.
It is not conducted during doctor’s and time for patient’s medical care.

11. HOW TO CONDUCT NURSING ROUNDS

• Usually conducted by ward sister, clinical instructor as they know each patient’s problem more intimately.
• Students should be informed before hand.
• Bedside patient round should be stopped briefly for a short discussion about specific nursing problem.
• Instructor/ward sister may call upon any nurse to tell about the patient and nursing care given.
• Nursing round timings up to 40-50 minutes and attendance of all students are required.
• Whole ward/unit has to be covered in this brief weekly summary of nursing problem.   

12. VALUES OF NURSING ROUNDS

• Helps in arousing students interest to read the history of all patients, review disease conditions, medications, doses, actions and side effects etc.
• Encourage discussion among students about various cases in the ward.
• Head Nurse/Clinical Instructor to test the student’s knowledge of all the patients.
• No other type of round is substitute for nursing rounds. 

13. NURSING CARE CONFERENCE : HOW IS IT PLANNED

• It is same as bedside clinic but patient usually not present.
• This method may be used when whole group well acquainted with the patient and the group have nothing to do for the patient.
• Group members must have opportunity to know patient, read patient history, progress notes, nurses notes and laboratory findings and the treatment of the diseases. 

14. GROUP  CONFERENCE: DEFINITION

• It is a method of clinical teaching. Group of students and clinical instructor need for a discussion of patients problem. Group should not be more than 10-12 students. Each student can get a chance of participation.

15. ROLE OF CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR

• Clinical Instructor act as a leader, she must be sensitive to the group for all things which show the attitude of the group members.
• She need to have patience and should not answer the questions  too quickly, but wait for students answers.
• She should be able to guide the students.
• Correct wrong interpretations and should be given time to complete sentence.
• Subject/area should be closely related student’s daily experience in the department.
• Students are guided in solving nursing problems.
• The success of this type of teaching depends upon the topic chosen for discussion.

16. SUBJECT FOR GROUP CONFERENCE

• Orientation of a new students to the department.
• Nursing care needs of a particular patients or group of patients.
• Conference on Nursing procedures, eg. Records, Report writing, intake and output charting, preparing patient for surgery etc.
• Discussion on drugs, diets and treatments.
• Nursing projects and fields trips etc.
• Hospital House Keeping, Hospital routine etc.
• Proper handling of sophisticated equipments and instruments.  

17. VALUES OF GROUP CONFERENCE

• Most profitable methods of clinical teaching.
• It encourages active participation of each group members.
• Subject matter deal with proper guidance of clinical instructor.
• Group thinking and discussion awakens interest and appreciation.

18. INDIVIDUAL CONFERENCE DEFINITION

Individual Conference is an interaction between teacher and a learner.
 It can be planned and unplanned.
Such conferences are held in ward with the student and clinical instructor/ward sister.            

19. SUBJECT  MATTER

• Related to students nursing ability.
• Quality of work performance.
• Relating to students achievements.
• Test results written or practical.

ROLE OF CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR

• Listen to student’s problems, difficulties regarding clinical experience.
• Give the chance to student to express her feelings.
• Effective and useful guidance to the student’s based on her difficulties.
• Always respect the student as an individual.
• Discuss the student’s problem and achievements.
• Try to alley he fear , anxiety and doubts.
• Be friendly informal and biased.
• For planned conference, student should be informed before hand.
• Place should free from interruptions, less noisy as privacy and allow the student to sit down so she feels more relaxed. 

20. VALUES OF INDIVIDUAL CONFERENCE

• It offers useful opportunities for teaching and     learning.
• Student and instructor discuss particular problem.
• Student can know about her progress etc.
• Provides a sense of security.
• Excellent opportunity for an individual learning. 

21. FOR MORE INFORMATION REFER TO PPT

22.THANK YOU.