PPT On Simulation in nursing

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  Simulation in Nursing  Presentation Transcript
1.Introduction:

• It is basically the role play to learn the problem solving behavior .it is as old as human being is on the earth. Not only human being even animal also use this to train their young ones to adjust to environment. But its use in teaching is  comparatively very recent.
• Example-pilots are given all types of experience of actual flying in office room on maps or on models prepared to acquiring the trainees with strategy of war fair

2.Meaning :

It is basis of socio-drama, role playing, & psychodrama. It is not actual teaching. It is assumed that through role perception. The psychological appreciation of class room problem will grow & develop in student teacher. It is a basis for handling the problem in class.

3.Definitions:

• An attempt to give appearance or to give the effect of something else."                                                                                     Barton (1970)
• “It is imitation of operation of a real world process or system over time 
• “Act of imitating the behavior of some situation or some process by means of something suitably analogues.”

4.Purposes:

•  To help the students to practice decision making & problem solving skills in controlled & safe setting.
•  Students have a chance to apply principles & theories they have learned & to see how & when these principles work.
•  By means of active involvement in simulation by exercise, games, role playing the student achieve cognitive, affective & psychomotor skills.

5. Characteristics:

• Mirror like situation while providing control over external variable .
• Provide a mix of experience that can be learned.
• Provide a safe environment in which learning has  priority over patient care or system demands.
• Provide immediate feedback on performance.

6.Steps of procedure;

• Selecting the role player -  a small group of 4 or 5 pupil teacher is selected. They are assigned different letters in an alphabetical order. Role assignments are rotated within the group to give chance to everyone. Every member of the group gets an chance to be actor or observer.    
• Selecting & discussing skills - skills to be practiced are discussed &the topic fit in skills is suggested. One topic each is selected by group member for exercise.
• Planning  -  it has to decided that who will start the conversation, who will top the interaction .
• Deciding the procedure of evaluation -  how to record the interaction & how to present it to actor has to be decided so that a proper feedback on his performance can be given.
• Provided practical lesson -  role player should be provided reinforcement on their performance. Give them training for playing their part well.

7.Types of Simulation:

1. Written simulation – individual uses either paper or pencil. Latent image format. Purpose includes problem solving, decision making, to evaluate student ability to apply the skills.
2. Audio visual simulation -  an entire simulation can be placed on video tape. Question can be posted for views right on screen & all the alternative outcomes, dependent on which approaches to a solution are chosen, can all be taped.
3. Live simulation – Lincoln, Layton &  Hold men described their experience with simulated patient. Patients were healthy people, usually students, who were trained in role play they were to play. Simulated patient use their own history as much as possible but memorized & added the elements of history that has been created for simulation. Nursing students found the experience to be beneficial. They would be much more relax & confident when meeting their first real patient.

8. Merits of Simulation:

• It actively engages learner in application of knowledge & skills in realistic situation.
• It is useful in promoting transfer of learning from classroom to clinical setting. 
• It is fun & interesting, they can motivate to learn. It appears to both slow & fast learner & apparently is effective for all types of students.
• Students can learn without harming patient.
• Student can receive feedback on appropriateness of their action during simulation. 
• It encourages creative & divergent thinking.
• Student can learn from faculty member who is guiding the simulation & leading discussion
• Can permit learning & practice of different technique.

9. Demerits of Simulation:

• It is costly in terms of time & money.
• Not comfortable for all.
• Models often easily damaged.
• Acquisition of necessary factual content & would result in boredom.
• Useful only for small group.
• Cost of developing & reproducing a  simulation may not be recovered even with repeated use.
• Process & outcome of simulation method are not always predictable.
• It cannot be conveniently used in case of small children  because it is too difficult to follow for them
• It requires a lot of preparation from part of teacher.
• It needs many simulators.

10. Values of Simulation:

• It ensure safe nursing practice by bridging gap between theory and practice.
• It is an effective technique to learn psycho motor skills.
• It helps students to develop critical thinking abilities & problem solving skills.
• It enables students to empathize real life situation.
• With its help teacher can easily inoculate proper attitude among nursing students.
• It can also be used to evaluate students.

11. Thank You