tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-21313409910797117732012-02-09T19:29:06.144-08:00PowerPoint Presentations | Computer PowerPoint Presentation | Interactive PowerPoint Presentations | ppt Presentations | PowerPoint Presentation ppt | ppt Online | Computer Engineering ppt | Electrical Engineering ppt | Entertainment | Global Warming | 3g Technology | RoboticsRAJnoreply@blogger.comBlogger4321100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-76763177524227206152012-02-07T02:04:00.000-08:002012-02-09T19:29:06.205-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Planning, Sales Forecasting, and Budgeting</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21455dsg4r8dg" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Ch3%20sdm.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Planning, Sales Forecasting, and Budgeting<br /><br />2. Learning Objectives<br />To understand strategic planning, its linkage to strategic marketing and marketing management<br />To know how sales strategy is developed from marketing strategy<br />To learn basic terms used in forecasting, forecasting approaches, and methods of sales forecasting<br />To understand purposes and the process of sales budget<br /><br />3. Strategic Planning<br />Planning is deciding now what, how, and when we are going to do<br />Strategic planning is deciding about the organisation’s long-term objectives and strategies<br />In a large organisation, planning is done at three or four organisational levels, as shown in the figure (in the next slide)<br /><br />4. Planning In A Large Organisation<br />For effective planning, operations, and control, a large multi-product / multi-business firm divides its major products / services into divisions / strategic business units ( SBUs)<br />Each SBU has a separate business, a set of competitors and customers, and a manager responsible for strategic planning, performance, and control ( Ex. TATA, Reliance)<br /><br />5. Components of Sales Strategy<br />Classifying market segments and individual customers within a target segment<br />Each firm should first decide on target market segments and if possible, to classify customers into high, medium, low sales &amp; profit potentials <br />Sales strategy is developed accordingly<br />Relationship strategy<br />Whether a selling firm should use transactional, value-added, or collaborative relationship depends on both the seller and the customer<br />Each selling firm to decide which segments and individual customers respond profitably to collaborative relationship <br /><br />6. Components of Sales Strategy (Continued)<br />Selling Methods<br />These are: (1) Stimulus response, (2) formula, (3) need-satisfaction, (4) team selling, (5) consultative<br />Selection of appropriate selling method depends on relationship strategy<br />Channel Strategy<br />There are many sales / marketing channels. For example: company salesforce, distributors, franchisees, agents, the internet, brokers, discount stores<br />Selection of a suitable channel depends on both the buyer and the seller, products / services, and markets<br /><br />7. Basic Terms Used in Sales Forecasting<br />Market demand for a product or service is the estimated total sales volume in a market (or industry) for a specific time period in a defined marketing environment, under a defined marketing program or expenditure. Market demand is a function associated with varying levels of industry marketing expenditure.<br />Market (or industry) forecast (or market size) is the expected market (or industry) demand at one level of industry marketing expenditure<br /><br />8. Basic Terms (Continued)<br />Market potential is the maximum market (or industry) demand, resulting from a very high level of industry marketing expenditure, where further increases in expenditure would have little effect on increase in demand<br />Company demand is the company’s estimated share of market demand for a product or service at alternative levels of the company marketing efforts (or expenditures) in a specific time period<br /><br />9. Basic Terms (Continued)<br />Company sales potential is the maximum estimated company sales of a product or service, based on maximum share (or percentage) of market potential expected by the company<br />Company sales forecast is the estimated company sales of a product or service, based on a chosen (or proposed) marketing expenditure plan, for a specific time period, in a assumed marketing environment<br />Sales budget is the estimate of expected sales volume in units or revenues from the company’s products and services, and the selling expenses. It is set slightly lower than the company sales forecast, to avoid excessive risks<br /><br />10. For More Info Please Refer Our PPT<br />Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7676317752422720615?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-69780128197246067632012-02-03T01:34:00.000-08:002012-02-03T01:34:36.126-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Personal Selling: Preparation and Process</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21429fvt9xtfb" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Ch2%20sdm.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Personal Selling: Preparation and Process<br /><br />2. Learning Objectives<br />To understand psychology in selling, buying decision process and buying situations<br />To learn communication skills, sales knowledge, and sales related marketing policies<br />To understand personal selling process<br />To learn about negotiation<br /><br />3. Psychology in Selling<br />If a sales person makes a presentation, the prospect may or may not buy<br />The above “buyer behaviour model” does not tell us the reasons of buying or not buying<br />To understand the psychological aspects of selling or buying, salespeople should study consumer or buyer behaviour, including buying process and situations<br /><br />4. Buying Process of Consumers and Business Buyers<br /><br />5. Buying Situations Faced By<br />Buying process and situations differ for household consumers and business buyers.<br />Consumers / Buyers may skip or reverse some stages in buying process. E.G. A consumer buying toothpaste <br /><br />6. Knowledge of Sales and Sales-related Marketing Policies<br />Major reasons for giving above information / knowledge through training programmes to salespeople are:<br />increase their self-confidence<br />Meet customers’ expectations<br />Increase sales<br />Overcome competition<br /><br />7. The Sales Process<br />As a part of selling activities, if salespeople follow the steps or phases shown below, their chances of success are far better.<br />The sequence of above steps may change to meet the sales situation in hand.<br />Some of the above steps may not be applicable for selling to the trade<br />We now discuss application of above steps to industrial selling <br /><br />8. Prospecting<br />It is identifying or finding prospects i.e. prospective or potential customers.<br />Methods of prospecting or sales lead generation are: (1) referrals from existing customers, (2) company sources (website, ads., tradeshow, teleprospecting), (3) external sources (suppliers, intermediaries, trade associations), (4) salespersons’ networking, (5) industrial directories, (6) cold canvassing<br /><br />Qualifying<br />Companies qualify sales leads by contacting them by mail or phone to find their interests (or needs) and financial capacity. <br />Leads are categorized as: Hot, Warm, and Cool<br /><br />9. Preapproach<br />Information gathering about the prospect.<br />Sources of information: the Internet, industrial directories, government publications, intermediaries, etc.<br />Precall planning<br />Setting call objectives<br />Tentative planning of sales strategy: which products, features and benefits may meet the customer needs<br /><br />10. Approach<br />Make an appointment to meet the prospect<br />Make favourable first impression<br />Select an approach technique:<br />Introductory<br />Customer benefit<br />Product<br />Question<br />Praise<br />The approach takes a few minutes of a call, but it can make or break a sale<br /><br />11. Presentation and Demonstration<br />There are four components:<br />Understanding the buyer’s needs<br />Knowing sales presentation methods / strategies<br />Developing an effective presentation<br />Using demonstration as a tool for selling<br />We will examine each of the above points<br /><br />12. Understanding the buyer’s needs<br />Firms and consumers buy products / services to satisfy needs<br />To understand buyer’s needs, ask questions and listen<br />In business situations, problem identification and impact questions are important<br />E.G. <br />Have you experienced any problems on quality and delivery from the existing supplies?<br />What impact the quality and delivery problems will have on your costs and customer satisfaction?<br /><br />13. Knowing Sales Presentation Methods/Strategies<br />Firms have developed different methods / styles / strategies of sales presentation<br />Stimulus response method / canned approach. <br />It is a memorised sales talk or a prepared sales presentation. <br />The sales person talks without knowing the prospect’s needs. E.G. Used by tele-marketing people<br />Formula method / formulated approach. <br />It is also based on stimulus response thinking that all prospects are similar. <br />The salesperson uses a standard formula – AIDA (attention, interest, desire, and action).<br />It is used if time is short and prospects are similar. <br />Shortcomings are: prospects’ needs are not uncovered and uses same standard formula for different prospects.<br /><br />14. Sales Presentation Methods (Continued)<br />Need – satisfaction method<br />Interactive sales presentation<br />First find prospect’s needs, by asking questions and listening<br />Use FAB approach: Features, Advantages, Benefits<br />Effective method, as it focuses on customers<br />Consultative selling method / Problem-solving approach<br />Salespeople use cross-functional expertise<br />Firms adopt team selling approach<br />It is used by software / consulting firms<br /><br />15. Developing an Effective Presentation<br />Some of the guidelines are:<br />Plan the sales call<br />Adopt presentation to the situation and person<br />Communicate the benefits of the purchase<br />Present relevant and limited information at a time<br />Use the prospect’s language<br />Make the presentation convincing – give evidence<br />Use technology like multi-media presentation<br /><br />16. Using Demonstration<br />Sales presentation can be improved by demonstration<br />Demonstration is one of the important selling tools EGs: Test drive of cars; demonstration of industrial products in use<br />Benefits of using demonstration for selling are: <br />Buyers’ objections are cleared<br />Improves the buyer’s purchasing interest<br />Helps to find specific benefits of the prospect<br />The prospect can experience the benefit<br /><br />17. Overcoming Sales Objections / Resistances<br />Objections take place during presentations / when the order is asked<br />Two types of sales objections:<br />Psychological / hidden<br />Logical (real or practical)<br />Methods for handling and overcoming objections: (a) ask questions, (b) turn an objection into a benefit, (c) deny objections tactfully, (d) third-party certificate, (e) compensation <br /><br />18. Trial close and Closing the sale<br />Trial close checks the attitude or opinion of the prospect, before closing the sale (or asking for the order)<br />If the response to trial close question is favourable, then the salesperson should close the sale<br /><br />19. Follow-up and Service<br />Necessary for customer satisfaction<br />Successful salespeople follow-up in different ways: For example,<br />Check order details<br />Follow through delivery schedule<br />Visit when the product is delivered<br />Build long-term relationship<br />Arrange warranty service<br /><br />20. Negotiation<br />Salespeople, particularly in business to business selling, need negotiating skills<br />When to negotiate?<br />(a) When the buyer puts certain conditions for buying to the seller, (b) When agreement between the buyer and the seller is needed on several factors, (c) When the product is customised, (d) When the final price is to be decided<br />How to prepare for negotiation?<br />(a) planning, (b) building relationship, (c) purpose<br />Styles of negotiation<br />(a) I win, you lose, (b) Both of us win (or win-win style), (c) You win, I lose, and (d) Both of us lose<br /><br />21. Key Learnings<br />For understanding psychology in selling, study consumer or buyer behaviour, buying process and situations<br />Salespeople are given knowledge of sales and relevant marketing policies in order to increase their self-confidence and sales, and meet customers’ expectations<br />Typical steps in the sales process include prospecting and qualifying, preapproach, approach, presentation and demonstration, overcoming objections, trial close / closing the sale, follow-up and service<br />Salespeople should know when to negotiate, how to prepare for negotiation and which style of negotiation to use</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6978012819724606763?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-54951991515883586372012-01-30T02:15:00.000-08:002012-01-30T02:15:20.534-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Lakshmi Niwas Mittal </b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21309d58ccsdx" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/biography%20of%20Mr%20Laxmi%20Mittal1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. LAKSHMI NIWAS MITTAL<br />MAN OF STEEL<br /><br />2. Few Points On Mittal Status<br />He is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of AECELOR MITTAL<br />Mr. Mittal is the richest man in INDIA,ASIA and THE U.K and Second in Europe<br />He is presently 6th Richest individuals in the world with a personal wealth of US$31.1 billion<br /><br />3. EARLY LIFE<br />Lakshmi Niwas Mittal was born in to a Marwadi Business Family in churu district of Rajasthan, India.<br />He married with USHA, the daughter of a well-to-do moneylender. <br /><br />4. education<br />He graduated from St. Xaviers Collage Calcutta with a Bachelor of Commerce Degree in Business and Accounting with First class.<br /><br />5. UNIVERSITY EDUCTION FORMATION<br />In year 2002,Lakshmi Niwas mittal and Usha mittal foundation and the government of Rajasthan partnered together to established a university named the LNM INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY(LNMIIT) in Jaipur. As an autonomous non-profit organization.<br /><br />6. CARRER<br />Mr. Mittal Started his carrier working in families steel making business in India in 1976.<br />He set out established its international division beginning with the buying of run-down plant in Indonesia<br />Mittal steel is the largest steel maker in the world, with shipment of 50 million tones of steel and profit of an $22 billion in 2007<br /><br />7. MITTAL SIBLINGS<br />PROMOD MITTAL<br />VINOD MITTAL<br /><br />8. ADITYA MITTAL<br />Mr.Mittal bought No.6 palace Greens Kensington Garden at ₤117 Million for his son ADITY MITTAL.<br /><br />Aditya Mittal Owner and director of the Board of the GERMAN FASHION LUXURY BRAND ESCADA<br /><br />9. VANISHA MITTAL BHATIA<br />Mr.Mittal bought No.9 A palace Greens Kensington Garden at ₤70 Million for his Daughter VANISHA MITTAL BHATIA.<br /><br />VANISHA MITTAL married to AMIT BHATIA a Businessman and a Philanthropist<br /><br />Vanisha Mittal's wedding was the most expensive in the recorded history of the world<br /><br />10. THANK YOU..!!<br />By:-<br />Nigam Raj<br />Delhi Business School</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5495199151588358637?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-35045587640052425052012-01-30T02:05:00.000-08:002012-01-30T02:05:05.786-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Regulation of Gene Expression </b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21295gjvbhff9" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/MRITYUNJAY%20.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN PROKARYOTES<br /><br />2. INTRODUCTION<br />Although Gregor John Mendel for the first time use the term Factor for hereditary units.<br />This mystery of hereditary unit reveled till 1900s. In 1909 W. Johanson coined the term Gene.<br />The earlier workers proposed various hypothesis to explain exact nature of gene.<br />At present we all know that, ‘Genes are made of DNA’.<br />Now we can define gene as, “Gene is a nucleic acid sequence that carries the information representing a particular polypeptide”.<br /><br />3. Gene expressed itself through a series of steps involved in a sequential synthesis of products.<br />This can be summarized as follows-<br />DNA………… RNA…………PROTEIN<br />During the course of evolution cell have evolved control mechanism to insure that proteins are synthesized in the required amount at a specific time.<br />Thus we can say that organisms have evolved the ability to regulate the expression of a specific gene in response to environmental signal.<br /><br />4. GENE EXPRESSION<br />Gene expression means synthesis of a particular product due to gene action.<br />Some of the gene product required by the cell under all growth conditions are called House keeping gene. These include constitutive gene &amp; their expression is called constitutive gene expression.<br />Some gene are expressed only when their product is needed for growth &amp; development under a given environment their expression is turn off when product is not needed such genes are called Regulatory gene. <br />Regulatory Genes includes-<br />Inducible Gene<br />Repressible Gene<br /><br />5. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION<br />Regulation of gene expression may be defined as, set of mechanism controlling the activation or inactivation of a particular gene.<br />The exhaustive mechanism/investigation have been established on the basis of study of gene expression in bacteria and viruses, that regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes occur mostly at two levels- <br />Transcriptional level<br />Translational level<br />Some time RNA degradation &amp; protein modification also play major role in regulating but most of the prokaryotic genes that are regulated are controlled at transcriptional level.<br /><br />6. THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IS OF TWO TYPES:<br />Positive Regulation:- When the expression of genetic information is quantitatively increased by the presence of a specific regulatory element it is called positive regulation. It is regulated by inducible gene.<br />Negative Regulation:- When the expression of genetic information diminished by the presence of specific regulatory element it is called Negative regulation .It is done by repressible gene.<br />There are some mechanism have been given to explain the regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes.<br /><br />7. OPERON MODEL <br />This is the model for transcriptional regulation of gene expression firstly F. Jacobs and J. monad in [1961] on the basis of there study on inducible system for the synthesis of the β- galactosidase enzymes in E. Coli proposed a model in order explain the induction &amp; repression of gene expression. They got Nobel prized for this in [1965].<br />According to Jacob &amp; Monad an operon (Unit of Gene Expression &amp; Regulation) includes- <br />regulator gene<br />Promoter gene<br />Operator gene<br />Structural genes..<br /><br />8. LAC OPERON <br />The lac operon is proposed by-Jacob &amp; Monod (1961). Based on their study on regulation of lactose, metabolism of E. Coli.<br />This operon is consists of 3-contigeous structural genes (Lac Z, Lac Y &amp; Lac A), a promoter &amp; a regulator &amp; an operator gene.<br />Lac Z Codes for β-galactosidase; an intracellular enzyme that cleaves the disaccharide lactose into glucose &amp; galactose.<br />Lac Y codes for the - β galctosidase preameese; a membrane bound transport protein that pumps lactose into the cell.<br />Lac A code for β- galactosidase transacetylase; that transfers an acetyl group from Co-A to - β galactosidase.<br /><br />9. NEGATIVE REGULATION OF LAC OPERON:- <br />The lac genes are controlled by negative regulation. In the absence of lactose (inducer) the repression occur on the operator binding site &amp; very low level of transcription of loc Z, Y &amp; A occurs.<br />When the lactose is available to the cell the low level of permease allow the up take of lactose &amp; galactosidase catalyses the conversion of some lactose to allotactose.<br />Allolactose acts as an inducer &amp; binds to the lac repressor. This causes a change in conformation of repressor reducing its affinity for the lac operon. The removal of lac-repressor from operator site allow the RNAP to bind at the promoter site (P lac) to begin the transcription of lac Z, Y, A gene.<br />The lac operon is an example of negative control of gene expression because bound repressor prevents the transcription of structural gene.<br /><br />10. POSITIVE REGULATION OF LAC OPERON:<br />The P-lac promoter is not a strong promoter. It requires the presence of specific proteins called cAMP receptor protein (CRP) or some time called as catabolic activator protein (CAP).<br />When glucose is present in environment E-coli does not need any alternate carbon source such as lactose. There for lac operon is not normally activated. Glucose reduces the level of c-AMP in the cell. CRP (catabolic) receptor protein) which exist as a dimmer, can not bind to DNA in the absence of cAMP. <br /><br />11. When glucose is absent level of cAMP in the cell is increases &amp; CRP binds to cAMP. The CRP-cAMP complex then binds to the lactose operon promoter just upstream from site of RNAP.<br />It is believed that CRP-cAMP complex increases the binding of RNAP to the promoter &amp; thus increasing the transcription rate 5o times. This type of gene regulation is an example of positive control of gene regulation.<br />As a fact we can say that the lac operon is subject to both positive &amp; regulation.<br /><br />12. TRYPTOPHAN OPERON<br />The trp operon is an example of biosynthetic operon also called as repressible operon.<br />The organization of five structural gene (trp E, trp D, trp C, trp B &amp; trp A) &amp; adjacent regulatory sequence of trp operon has been studied in details by Charles Yanofsky et;al in 1976.<br />The five structural genes coding for the enzymes needed for tryptophan biosynthesis from chorismate. These structural gene codes for 3 enzymes required for the biosynthesis of tryptophan from chorismic acid.<br />Anthranilate synthetase – Encoded by trp E &amp; trp D<br />Tryptophan synthetase- Encoded by trp B &amp; trp A.<br />N-(5’phosphoribosyl)–anthranilate isomerase Indole -3 glycerol phosphate synthetase- Encoded by the trp C.<br />These structural gene are contiguous with promoter operator.<br /><br />13. For more please refer PPT.<br />Thanks. </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3504558764005242505?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-65266041775203973632012-01-19T02:05:00.000-08:002012-01-19T02:05:04.738-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Business Plan</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21292dz5bwh3n" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/BusinessPlanPresentation.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Business Plan<br /><br />2. Mission Statement<br />A clear statement of your company’s long-term mission. <br />Try to use words that will help direct the growth of your company, but be as concise as possible. <br /><br />3. Learning Objectives<br />To define what the business plan is, who prepares it, who<br />reads it, and how it is evaluated.<br />To understand the scope and value of the business plan to<br />investors, lenders, employees, suppliers, and customers<br />To identify information needs and sources for each critical<br />section of the business plan.<br />To enhance awareness of the ability of the internet as an<br />information resource and marketing tool.<br />To present examples and a step by step explanation of the<br />business plan.<br />To present helpful questions for the entrepreneur at each<br />stage of the planning process.<br />To understand how to monitor the business plan.<br /><br />4. The Team<br />List CEO and key management by name<br />Include previous accomplishments to show that these are people with a record of success<br />Summarize number of years of experience in this field<br /><br />5. Market Summary<br />Market past, present, &amp; future<br />Review those changes in market share, leadership, players, market shifts, costs, pricing, or competition that provide the opportunity for your company’s success.<br /><br />6. Opportunities<br />Problems and opportunities<br />State consumer problems, and define the nature of product/service opportunities that are created by those problems.<br /><br />7. Business Concept<br />Summarize the key technology, concept, or strategy on which your business is based<br /><br />8. Competition<br />Summarize competition<br />Outline your company’s competitive advantage<br /><br />9. Goals &amp; Objectives<br />Five-year goals<br />State specific, measurable objectives. <br />State market share objectives.<br />State revenue/profitability objectives.<br /><br />10. Financial Plan<br />A high-level financial plan that defines the financial model and the pricing assumptions and that reviews yearly expected sales and profits for the next three years<br />Use several slides to cover this material appropriately<br /><br />11. Resource Requirements<br />Technology requirements<br />Personnel requirements<br />Resource requirements<br />Financial, distribution, promotional, etc.<br />External requirements<br />Products, services, technologies that must be purchased outside the company <br /><br />12. Risks &amp; Rewards<br />Risks<br />Summarize risks of proposed project<br />Addressing risks<br />Summarize how risks will be addressed <br />Rewards<br />Estimate expected pay-off, particularly if seeking funding<br /><br />13. Key Issues<br />Near term<br />Isolate key decisions and issues that need immediate or near-term resolution.<br />Long term<br />Isolate issues needing long-term resolution.<br />State consequences of decision postponement.<br />If you are seeking funding, state specifics<br /><br />14. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6526604177520397363?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-49839004225971676952012-01-13T01:12:00.000-08:002012-01-13T01:12:25.192-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Evolution</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21181gbwtq8gr" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/evolution.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Evolution is one of the most important concepts in the Science of Biology. In fact Biology simply does not make sense without Evolution. Evolution is the idea that all living things arose from a single common ancestor in the distant past and that life continues to diversify today as new species appear. Evolution explains why we can classify organisms into different groups (because some organisms are more closely related than others). Evolution explains why the cells of all organisms use the same kind of biochemical machinery (because all life shares a common ancestor). This talk deals with the discovery of evolution, how evolution works, and the evidence for evolution.<br /><br />2. All living things share a single common ancestor in the distant past and all living things are related to one another. In much the same way that we might draw a family tree of our own ancestors, scientists can draw a Tree of Life to show how all living things are related. Evolution is the process by which one species gives rise to another and the Tree of Life grows.<br /><br />3. There is often considerable confusion as to whether the concept of evolution is a theory or a fact. Actually it is both! Evolutionary theory deals with how evolution happens. This is an area of active research and new insights are constantly emerging to explain how one species gives rise to another. However, Evolution is also a fact because there is a great deal of indisputable evidence, as we will see in this talk, in support of its occurrence. What is uncertain is exactly HOW it happens, NOT whether it has happened at all.<br /><br />4. This talk has three parts. In the first part we will look at the scientific breakthroughs that led to the discovery of evolution between 1800 and 1940 and consider some of the objections to evolution raised by some fundamentalist religious groups. In the discussion that follows we will debate a controversial issue that is often raised by fundamentalist Christians in the USA - whether Creationism and Evolution should be given “equal time” in science lessons. In the second part, we will think about how Evolution works, and consider how one species can give rise to another. In the Practical we will then consider an example of Evolution in action as we turn our attention to the case of the Peppered Moth. Finally, and most importantly, we will address the evidence for Evolution and show why Biology simply does not make sense without it.<br /><br />5. So let’s start by thinking about the discovery of Evolution. Beginning in Classical times and persisting until long after the Renaissance, scientists thought species were fixed and unchangeable (or ‘immutable’ to use the language of the era). Their reasoning ran something like this: if God’s creation was perfect from the start, why would He bother to tinker with it at a later date?<br /><br />6. However, around 1800, some scientists began to wonder if species could change their form or ‘transmute’. One of the early proponents of this idea was French scientist, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829). If species were able to change their form over time, then how did it happen? Lamarck thought that if an animal acquired a characteristic during its lifetime, it could pass it onto its offspring. One of his favorite examples was the giraffe. In his view, the giraffe got its long neck through straining to reach the leaves on high branches, and this characteristic got passed down the generations. Most scientists of his day thought that Lamarck was wrong. At that time, only a few radical thinkers like Charles Darwin’s grandfather, Erasmus, agreed that species could change over time.<br /><br />7. About the same time that these radical thinkers were discussing the transmutation (or evolution) of species, geologists like William Smith were beginning to map the rocks and fossils of Britain. Smith and others were able to show that rocks were laid down in a certain order and that the different fossils in different layers lived at different intervals of geological time. Here was clear evidence that different species had existed in the past compared with today. However, Smith did not go on to ask the question, ‘Why?’ or to consider that this might be evidence for evolution.<br /><br />8. In the early nineteenth century, Charles Darwin (1809-1882) rekindled ideas about evolution. In a sense, Evolution was in Darwin’s blood because, as we’ve already noted, his grandfather was an early supporter of the concept. From 1831-1836, Darwin toured the world on HMS Beagle as a young naturalist. He was dazzled by the amazing diversity of life, including some amazing fossils such as rodents the size of hippopotamuses and started to wonder how it might have originated.<br /><br />9. On his return from the Beagle the jigsaw pieces started to fit together in his mind. Around 1842 Darwin read an essay about human population growth by Malthus. Malthus had argued that human population would grow more quickly than food supply. Consequently competition for food would become intense and only the fittest and most able would survive. Darwin applied these ideas to all of life and came up with his now famous concept of Natural Selection. Darwin reasoned that if an organism possessed a character that improved its chances of survival, then it would be more likely to pass on that character to the next generation. Therefore organisms would become progressively adapted to their environment, leading to the evolution of new species. Darwin published this idea in his “Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection” in 1859. <br /><br />10. However, Darwin’s concept of Evolution by Natural Selection was met with considerable controversy and debate. Although some Christians were willing to accept Evolution, if God was allowed to guide the process, most were opposed to the idea of Evolution being driven by random competition and natural laws. However, some leading scientists did embrace Evolution. One of these was Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), who became known as “Darwin’s bulldog” for his ferocious support of Darwin. On 30 June 1860, Huxley debated Evolution with Bishop Wilberforce at a British Association meeting in Oxford. In the debate, Wilberforce infamously inquired of Huxley whether it was through his grandfather or grandmother that he claimed descent from a monkey! Huxley then rose to the defence of Evolution, finishing his speech with the now legendary ‘put-down’ that he was not ashamed to have a monkey for his ancestor, but he would be ashamed to be connected with a man who used great gifts to obscure the truth! This debate saw many people come to accept Evolution. However, there was little support or enthusiasm for Darwin’s mechanism of Natural Selection.<br /><br />11. While all this was going on, and unbeknown to the scientific elite in Britain, an Austrian monk called Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) was carrying out important experiments that would eventually prove that Darwin’s Natural Selection was in fact correct. For seven years, Mendel cross-bred different strains of pea plants to investigate how characteristics like the colour of the flowers got passed down the generations. In a quite amazing feat, he cultivated almost thirty thousand pea plants and in doing so figured out the basic principles of, what would later become known as, Genetics. He showed that offspring received characteristics from both parents, but only the dominant characteristic was expressed. This was contrary to the prevailing view at the time that the characteristics of both parents were somehow “blended” together. Unfortunately, Mendel’s work was overlooked by scientists in the West, only coming to light long after his death.<br /><br />12. When Mendel’s work on Genetics was finally “re-discovered” in 1900, it started to make sense of evolution in a new way and stimulated renewed interest in Darwin’s work of fifty years earlier. Building on Mendel’s work, studies showed how genetic traits in a population of animals or plants could be selected by environmental pressures and how a population could become progressively adapted to its environment. This Modern Synthesis, as Julian Huxley called it, brought Darwin’s concept of Natural Selection right back to the centre of evolutionary theory, as we will see in the next part of the talk.<br /><br />13. However, despite becoming universally accepted by the scientific community in the early 20th century, Evolution by Natural Selection continued to meet strong opposition by certain religious groups. This was especially true of Christian fundamentalists, who saw the concept as an erosion of God’s sovereignty. In 1925, the State of Tennessee, USA outlawed the teaching of Evolution completely. When one teacher, John Scopes, continued to teach evolution he was tried and found guilty in what is now infamously known as the “Scopes Monkey Trial”!<br /><br />14. This religious opposition to Evolution has continued to the present day. However, today opposition to Evolution is often more subtle. For example several US states have recently argued that Evolution and Creationism should be given “equal time” in the Science classroom. Creationism maintains than a literal reading of the Book of Genesis in the Bible is the only adequate explanation for how Life came into being and that the concept of Evolution is incorrect. On the surface, this demand seems OK. After all, isn’t it fair to present both sides of the debate? Over the next few minutes, we’ll look at this issue at little more closely as we discuss this important question: should Creationism and Evolution should be given “equal time” in the Science classroom?<br /><br />15. For More Info Please Refer PPT.<br />Thanks.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4983900422597167695?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-2369467323498796252012-01-10T21:59:00.000-08:002012-01-10T22:03:27.486-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Rheumatoid Arthritis PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21171gng4vzpk" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DOMMR%20Rheumatoid%20Arthritis.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Rheumatoid Arthritis<br /><br />2. Goals<br />General Approach to Arthritis<br />Rheumatoid Arthritis<br />Diagnostic Criteria<br />Pathophysiology<br />Therapeutic Approach<br />Disease Severity and Course<br /><br />3. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Definition<br />Progressive, systemic, inflammatory disorder<br />Unknown etiology<br />Characterized by <br />Symmetric synovitis<br />Joint erosions<br />Multisystem extra-articular manifestations<br /><br />4. Epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis<br />Approximately 1% of the total adult population is affected by RA<br />40% to 60% with advanced (functional class IV) RA will:<br />Survive 5 years or less following diagnosis<br />Die 10-15 years earlier than expected<br /><br />5. Approach to Arthritis<br /><br />6. Joint Pain<br />most common symptom<br />Pain (arthralgia) vs. Inflammation (arthritis)<br />Inflammation: <br />heat, redness, pain, swelling, loss of function<br />inflammatory arthritis (RA, SLE) vs. pain syndrome (fibromyalgia)<br /><br />7. Number of Joints Affected<br />Monoarticular<br />Crystal-induced<br />Infection<br />Reactive Arthritis<br />Hemarthrosis<br />OA: joint effusions<br />Autoimmune disease<br />Psoriasis, IBD, AS, Behçet's<br />Oligo/Polyarticular<br />Monoarticular causes<br />RA<br />SLE<br />Viral infection<br />B19<br />Acute Serum Sickness<br />Untreated Crystal-induced<br />Vasculidities<br /><br />8. Inflammatory vs. Non-Inflammatory<br />Inflammatory: i.e. RA<br />Generalized AM stiffness<br />&gt; 30 min<br />Resolves with movement<br />Classic signs of inflammation<br /><br />Non-Inflammatory: i.e. Osteoarthritis<br />Localized AM stiffness<br />&lt; 30 min 9. Arthrocentesis Confirm diagnoses Differentiate between inflammatory &amp; noninflammatory Therapeutic/Adjunct to Antibiotics Labs: cell count w/diff crystal analysis Gram stain &amp; Culture WBC &gt;2000/µL indicates inflammatory arthritis <br /><br />Arthroscopy<br />Evaluate ligamentous &amp; cartilaginous integrity<br />Biopsy<br />Infectioun: aspirate thick or loculated fluid<br /><br />9. RA<br />Systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder<br />~1% of population<br />Onset: 52 years<br />40-70 years of age<br />&lt;60 - 3-5:1 female predominance <br /><br />10. Genetics <br />Increased incidence among Pima &amp; Chippewa Native American tribes (5%)<br />Genetic &amp; Environmental<br /><br />HLA-DRB1*0401 &amp; HLA-DRB1*0404<br />Increased risk<br />Increased joint damage<br />Increased joint surgery<br /><br />11. Pathophysiology <br /><br />12. Immunology <br />Macrophages:<br />Produce cytokines<br />Cytokines (TNF-α) cause systemic features<br />Release chemokines  recruit PMNs into synovial fluid/membrane<br /><br />TNF-α &amp; IL-1:<br />Proliferation of T cells <br />Activation of B cells<br />Initiates proinflammatory/joint-damaging processes<br /><br />TH-1 cells:<br />Mediate disease processes<br />Activate B cells<br /><br />B cells: <br />Release cytokines<br />Plasma cells that produce Ab<br /><br />Osteoclasts:<br />Bone erosion<br />Juxta-articular &amp; Systemic osteoporosis<br /><br />13. Pathophysiology <br />Swelling of Synovial lining<br />Angiogenesis<br /><br />Rapid division/growth of cells = Pannus<br />Synovial thickening/hyperplasia<br />Inflammatory vascularized tissue<br />Generation of Metalloproteinases<br /><br />Cytokine release<br />Infiltration of leukocytes<br />Change in cell-surface adhesion molecules &amp; cytokines<br />Destruction of bone &amp; cartilage<br /><br />14. Bottom Line Proliferation Destruction of joints Disability <br /><br />15. For more info please refer PPT. Thanks </div><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-236946732349879625?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-62808202464962800032012-01-07T02:47:00.000-08:002012-01-07T02:47:17.023-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On DVD Technology</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21168hdmxwtcp" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DVD%20Technology.pptx">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. ‘DVD Technology’<br /><br />2. Introduction<br />were looking for a disc that could contain, amongst other features, about 135 minutes of film on one side of a disc at superior quality to existing laserdiscs, copy protection, parental lock, widescreen.<br />Until 1996, two competing optical discs formats were being developed, but their development was merged in 1996 under the DVD Forum who produce the official DVD specifications.<br />What is DVD?<br />In the past, DVD has stood for 'Digital Versatile Disc' and 'Digital Video Disc', but now it is simply a word in itself. DVD is an optical storage technology for any information, such as video, audio,computer data and games. Although the DVD discs are similar in appearance to compact discs(CDs), the formats, physical specifications and file specifications are very different. This is explained in ‘DVD Introduction’. This document also provides information on authoring, features, disadvantages and user requirements on one of the main application Formats - DVD Vide. It also looks at what might be in store for DVD in the future and provides links to tutorials and other web pages which may be of interest.<br /><br />3. DVD Formats<br />Physical Formats<br />Application Formats<br /><br />4. Physical Formats <br />A DVD is an optical disc consisting of microscopic pits (called ‘marks’ on writeable discs). As the disc spins in the player, a laser beam passes over the disc and the changes in the intensity of the light reflected is converted into a digital signal. As the intensity of the reflected laser beam changes, this is converted into encoded digital signal.<br /><br />A DVD disc consists of two substrates (0.6mm thick) bonded together. Each side can contain two layers called ‘Layer 0’ and ‘Layer 1’ (the outermost layer). The physical format of a DVD determines the capacity of the DVD disc. DVD capacity is determined by pit size, track pit spacing and the number of layers the disc contains. See below for a current list of discs and their capacities.<br /><br />DVD-5 and DVD-9 are the most common formats in use. DVD-9 is best suited to DVD-Video running times longer than 133 minutes. DVD-10 is suitable for when letterbox and pan &amp; scan versions are required on the same DVD-Video, however, if the playing time is long, the disc will need to be flipped over. DVD-14 is no longer a common format and DVD-18 is difficult to manufacture. Data can only be written once to a DVD-R disc and it is therefore often used for archiving purposes. DVD-R (G) is for general home use and DVD-R (A) is for authoring purposes (i.e. professional use). DVD-<br />RAM, DVD-RW and DVD+RW discs can be written to disc thousands of times.<br /><br />5. Application Formats<br />DVD-ROM is the base format for all DVD formats. The main application formats are DVD-ROM, DVD- Video and DVD-Audio. A DVD disc can contain a combination of two or all three of these application formats.<br /><br />If a DVD disc contains DVD-Video and DVD-ROM, a standalone DVD player will only read the DVD- Video portion, but most DVD-ROM drives can read the DVD-ROM and DVD-Video portions (if they are equipped with a DVD-Video decoder).<br /><br />6. DVD-ROM<br />DVD-Read Only Memory (DVD-ROM) is similar to CD-ROM except that it can contain much more information. The reason DVD-ROM has evolved is to meet the needs of the computer industry which required a new format that could cope with the complex multimedia applications that are being developed.<br /><br />DVD-ROM is used for high-speed data retrieval and is therefore suited to computer games and educational software. It is envisaged that DVD-ROM will eventually replace CD-ROM.<br /><br />7. DVD-Video<br />DVD-Video is an application format of DVD-ROM. The objective of DVD-Video was to provide the film industry with a replacement for Laser Disc (LD). The industry wanted a disc that with a capacity of about 135 minutes (which would allow most movies to fit on a single disc), with video quality equivalent or greater than Laser Disc. In order to fit studio quality films onto DVD discs, some form of compression must be used. MPEG-2 is the standard form of compression used.<br />MPEG-2<br />If studio quality film or video was transferred directly onto DVD-Video, it would create about 200Mb of data per second. The higher the data rate used, the higher the quality of sound and audio that is stored on the DVD.<br /><br />8. Features<br />Superior picture quality to VHS<br />DVD-Video has 500 lines of horizontal resolution compared to VHS which has just 240, as long as the viewer has a screen that can accommodate the high resolution.<br />Audio<br />Superior sound quality to CD<br />On NTSC formats, the disc must have at least one soundtrack using Linear PCM or Dolby Digital. On PAL formats, the disc must have at least one soundtrack using Linear PCM, MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 or Dolby Digital. Up to 8 streams of Dolby Digital multi-channel audio or Linear PCM.<br /><br />9. Features Contd.<br />Multiple Soundtracks/Languages<br />A DVD can contain alternative soundtracks (up to 8 tracks) or up to 4 languages (2 tracks per language).<br />Karaoke Track<br />This feature enables background video pictures overlaid with the lyrics of a song. Up to 32 subtitle or karaoke tracks are available.<br />Random access features<br />Random access features enables multiple endings for movies or games and quizzes to be created due to seamless branching.<br />Menus<br />Menus allow for greater user interactivity as the user can access the menu at any stage during playback.<br />Multiple Titles<br />The DVD-Video can contain more than one film or programme or different versions of the main feature.<br /><br />10. Thanks </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6280820246496280003?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-29617690521682022112012-01-06T23:02:00.000-08:002012-01-06T23:02:22.256-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Jeopardy PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21035g679zcfv" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ch5revalg1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div><b>JEOPARDY</b><br />Jeopardy! is an American quiz show featuring trivia in history, literature, the arts, pop culture, science, sports, geography, wordplay, and more. The show has a unique answer-and-question format in which contestants are presented with clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2961769052168202211?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-52001701316285083032012-01-06T01:35:00.000-08:002012-01-06T01:35:11.671-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Mobile Computing PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_21020c8trhb86" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Mobile%20Computing.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation Transcript:</b></div>1. Mobile Computing<br /><br />2. Computer Science<br />The discipline of<br />Designing,<br />Creating, and<br />Maintaining Computer Software<br /><br />3. Why Mobile Computing ?<br /><br />People are mobile<br />Devices are mobile<br /><br />4. Goal of Wireless and Mobile Computing <br />“People and their machines should be able to access information and communicate with each other easily and securely, in any medium or combination of media –voice, data, image, video, or multimedia –anytime, anywhere, in a timely, cost-effective way.”<br /><br />5. What is Mobility?<br />A person who moves<br />Between different geographical locations<br />Between different networks<br />Between different communication devices<br />Between different applications<br />A device that moves<br />Between different geographical locations<br />Between different networks<br /><br />6. Mobile Computing Devices<br /><br />7. Disconnected Operation<br />Offline feature<br />Automated<br />Predictive<br />Use Friendly<br />Windows<br />Linux <br />OS/2<br /><br />8. Research Issues in Mobile Computing <br />• Wireless Communications<br />– Quality of connectivity<br />– Bandwidth limitations<br />• Mobility<br />– Location transparency<br />– Location dependency<br />• Portability<br />– Power limitations<br />– Display, processing, storage limitations<br /><br />9. Wireless Communications<br />• Harsh communications environment:<br />– Lower bandwidth/higher latency:<br />good enough for videoconferencing?<br />– Higher error rates<br />– More frequent disconnection<br />– Performance depends on density of nearby users but inherent<br />scalability of cellular/frequency reuse architecture helps<br />• Connection/Disconnection<br />– Network failure is common<br />– Autonomous operation is highly desirable<br />» Caching is a good idea, e.g., web cache<br />– Asynchronous/spool-oriented applications, like mail or printing<br />» Trickle back data when bandwidth is available<br />– Disconnected file systems: CODA (CMU), Ficus (UCLA)<br /><br />10. Wireless Communications Contd..<br />• Low Bandwidth<br />– Orders of magnitude differences between wide-area, in-<br />building wireless<br />• Variable Bandwidth<br />– Applications adaptation to changing quality of<br />connectivity<br />» High bandwidth, low latency: business as usual<br />» High bandwidth, high latency: aggressive prefetching<br />» Low bandwidth, high latency: asynchronous<br />operation, use caches to hide latency, predict future<br />references/trickle in, etc. etc.<br />• Heterogeneous Networks<br />– “Vertical Handoff” among colocated wireless networks<br /><br />11. Wireless Communications<br />• Security Concerns<br />– Authentication is critical<br />» Normal network point of attachment is a wall tap<br />» Wireless access makes network attachment too easy<br />– Exposure to over-the-air wiretapping<br />» Any transmitter can also be a receiver!<br />» Some wireless networks provide secure airlinks<br />(e.g., CDPD)<br />» Made more difficult by spread spectrum technologies<br /><br />12. Mobility<br />• Address Migration<br />– Existing applications send packets to a fixed network<br />address<br />– Need to support dynamically changing “local” addresses<br />as mobile device moves through network<br />– Mobile IP specification: home environment tracks mobile<br />device’s current location through registration procedure<br />– Route optimization: exploit local caches of <global address="" addresses,="" care-of="" current="" destination="" node=""><br />– Location updates:<br />» Forwarding<br />» Hierarchical mobility agents<br />– Other routing issues: e.g., multicast<br /><br />13. Mobility Contd..<br />• Location Dependent Services<br />– Discovery: What services exist in my local environment?<br />e.g., printers, file and compute services, special local<br />applications, etc.<br />– Follow me services: “Route calls to my current location,”<br />“Migrate my workstation desktop to the nearest<br />workstation screen”<br />– Information services:<br />» Broadcast/“push” information (e.g., “Flight 59 will<br />depart from Gate 23”)<br />» “Pull” information (e.g., “What gate will Flight 59<br />depart from?”)<br />– Service migration: computations, caches, state, etc.<br />follow mobile device as it moves through the network<br />– Privacy: what applications can track user locations?<br /><br />14. Portability<br />• Low Power<br />– Limited compute performance<br />– Low quality displays<br />• Loss of Data<br />– Easily lost<br />– Must be conceived as being “network-integrated”<br />• Small User Interface<br />– Limited real estate for keyboards<br />– Icon intensive/handwriting/speech<br />• Small Local Storage<br />– Flash memory rather than disk drive<br /><br />15. Portability Issues<br />• It’s the power, stupid!!<br />• Batteries<br />– Weight, volume determine lifetime<br />» 20 W-hrs per pound<br />» 2 pounds, 10 hours = 2 W power consumption!<br />– Power consumption: CV2ƒ<br />» Reduce C by increased VLSI integration and MCM<br />technology<br />» Reduce V to lower operating voltages: 5 V to 3.3V to<br />2.5V and below<br />» Reduce ƒ by reducing clock frequency, standby and<br />suspend power modes<br />» Intelligent operation: spin-down disk drives<br /><br />16. Putting It All Together: Concepts in Mobile Computing <br />• Identification<br />– Subscriber mobility: 700 phone number<br />– Terminal mobility: mobile phone # or IP address<br />– Application mobility<br />• Registration<br />– Authentication: who are you?<br />– Authorization: what can you do?<br />– Allocation: how much will I give you?<br />• Call/Connection Establishment<br />– Mobile Routing: Mobile IP, Cellular System HLR/VLR<br />– Resource Reservations: Reserve channels in advance<br />– Location Update: forward vs. hierarchy<br /><br />17. Putting It All Together: Concepts in Mobile Computing Contd..<br />• Mobility<br />– Handoff: when to do it, choice of network<br />– Process Migration: application support infrastructure that<br />follows the mobile<br />• Privacy and Security<br />– Authentication<br />– Authorization<br />– Encryption: over-the-air security<br /><br />18. Thanks</global></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5200170131628508303?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-50956811378767554202012-01-05T01:35:00.000-08:002012-01-05T01:40:57.456-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Motivation And Stress Management Training</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20893cvvs25gt" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/stress%20management%20motivation.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2010/03/ppt-on-stress-management.html">Stress Management</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-motivation.html">Motivation</a></li></ul><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. STRESS MANAGEMENT<br />B.P.PATEL SDE CTTC AHMEDABAD<br /><br />2. Stress Management Training <br />Stress Management Training Courses<br />Improves Work Efficiency, <br />Interpersonal Relations, &amp; <br />Brings about other Positive Results <br /><br />in due course of time .<br /><br />3. A Man's Got to Know His Limitations<br />Knowing yourself and your limits may be the most important way to manage stress effectively. <br /><br />4. Make the new year happy<br />Now is the time to start thinking about what you would like your life to be like, <br />you could just change a few things—or<br />even just one! <br /><br />5. Definition of stress<br />There has been No definition of stress that <br />everyone accepts.<br />Therefore, it's difficult to MEASURES stress .<br />People have very different ideas with respect <br />to their definition of stress .<br />BUSY TO EASY LIFE BY STRESS MANAGEMENT<br /><br />6. STRESS-1<br />YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR STRESS<br />BACAUSE<br />1 STRESS CAN BE GENERATED IN YOUR MIND BY YOURS SELF ONLY.<br />2 NOBODY CAN GENERATED STRESS IN YOUR MIND.<br /><br />7. STRESS-2<br />1 YOU CAN ONLY CONTROL YOUR STRESS <br />GENERATED BY YOU ,<br />2 BACAUSE NOBODY CAN HELP YOU TO CONTROL <br />YOUR STRESS.<br /><br />Find out what is causing stress in your life. <br />Look for ways to reduce the amount of stress in your life. <br />Learn healthy ways to relieve stress or reduce its harmful effects. <br /><br />8. What Is Stress 1<br />Stress is defined as the force, pressure or strain exerted upon a material, object or a person, which resists these forces and to maintain its original state <br />SOCIAL .RELIGIOUS. ORGANIZATIONAL .PERSONNEL<br /><br />9. WHAT IS OUR NATURE<br />“By nature we are friendly, cooperative, compassionate. If we are unfriendly, it is because of stress and tension” <br />-<br /><br />10. HOW IS STRESS CAUSED?-Contd<br />In this busy life, increasing pressure to achieve more in short time span .<br /><br />11. Symptoms of Stress-2<br />Physical 2 Mental 3 Emotional 4 Behavioral<br /><br />12. Physical <br />Mentally tiers, headache, Mentaly Absentness muscle pain / especially neck, shoulders and low back, heart trble, chest pains, abdominal pain, cold,, and frequent colds.<br /><br />13. Mental <br />Decrease in concentration and memory, indecisiveness, mind racing or going blank, confusion, loss of sense of humor.<br /><br />14. Emotional <br />Anxiety, nervousness, depression, anger, worry, fear, irritability, short temper.<br /><br />15. Behavioral <br />Nervous habits (nail-biting, foot-tapping), increased eating, smoking, drinking, crying, yelling bagasu, and even throwing things or hitting FEAR<br /><br />16. What Are the Causes of Stress? -3<br />There are two kinds of stress <br />External <br />Internal. <br /><br />17. External stressors <br />Physical environment <br />Social <br />Organizational <br />Major life events <br />Daily hassles <br />Religious<br /><br />18. Causes of Stress<br />Physical environment: Increased Urbanization, Noise, Bright lights, Heat,congested spaces.<br />Social: Rudeness, Bossiness or Aggressiveness on the part of someone else, seclusion from society. <br />Organizational: Rules, Regulations, <br />Major life events: Death of a relative, Loss of job. <br />Daily hassles: Neighborhood problems, misplacing keys, mechanical breakdowns of equipment etc.<br />Religous<br /><br />19. Internal stressors <br />Lifestyle choices <br />Negative self-talk: <br /><br />20. For More Please Refer Our PPT<br />Thanks </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5095681137876755420?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-43262969071915765792012-01-04T01:23:00.000-08:002012-01-04T01:23:06.141-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Loopholes In Windows PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20852gtc399hf" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/OSSecurity.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Security at the Operating System Level (Microsoft)<br /><br />2. Outline<br />Why need security at the OS level?<br />Security features/concerns of Microsoft Windows NT.<br />Security provided by Microsoft Windows 2000.<br />“Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” by Microsoft .<br />Conclusion.<br />Questions/Comments.<br /><br />3. Why need security at the OS level? <br />No more standalone computer system environments.<br />Any system can be globally accessible through a set of vast inter and intra-network connections.<br />Transition motivated by the need to work remotely, convenience in accessing personal records, online shopping etc. <br /><br />4. Why need security at the OS level? (contd.)<br />Convenience and efficiency with increased security risks.<br />Trust computers more than our life partners.<br />A single security loophole in the OS design known to a malicious attacker could do serious damage.<br /><br />5. Security Model of Microsoft Windows NT<br />Access Tokens: Evidence that the a user successfully logged-in.<br />Security Descriptors: Represent access rights of a logged-in user.<br />Object Manager: Reads the security descriptors and passes on the information to the Security Reference Monitor (SRM). SRM determines whether a user’s action is legal or illegal.<br /><br />6. Security features of Microsoft Windows NT<br />NTFS <br />- Allows system administrators to set global or very specific file access permissions.<br />- Sets up a virtual root directory to <br />prevent network users from accessing<br />higher nodes in the system.<br /><br />7. Security features of Microsoft Windows NT (contd.)<br />Minimum password length and frequent password change requirements.<br />Multiple levels of privilege, unlike UNIX.<br />Challenge-response scheme for authentication purposes during user log-on attempt.<br />Auditing.<br /><br />8. Loopholes in Microsoft Windows NT Security Model<br />Assumes a logged-in user is a legal user.<br />Networking environment uses some old out-of-date protocols (such as NetBEUI, DLC). <br />Use of non-standard implementations of security protocols. For example, Microsoft's implementation of PPTP.<br />Obvious relationships between clear text passwords and hash values. Tools like l0phtcrack can exploit this vulnerability.<br /><br />9. Security features of Microsoft Windows 2000<br />Technology based on Windows NT.<br />Designed to address the security loopholes of Windows NT.<br />New Security features included with Windows 2000: Active Directory, ACLs for both the users and resources, Encrypting File System, Kerberos, Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), PKI. <br /><br />10. Kerberos<br />Windows 2000 replaces the NT LAN Manager with Kerberos version 5.<br />Network authentication protocol.<br />Involves the participation of two principals and a trusted third party called Key Distribution Center (KDC).<br />Uses symmetric key encryption. KDC provides the shared key for each session.<br /><br />11. Kerberos (contd.)<br />Scenario 1: A principle is trying to log-on to his/her workstation.<br />Scenario 2: A principle wants to communicate with another principle.<br /><br />12. Encrypting File System (EFS)<br />EFS is integrated with NTFS version 5.<br />Allows Windows 2000 users to encrypt their files and folders.<br />Encrypting a folder encrypts all the subfolders and files in that folder.<br />Cannot be used to encrypt system files.<br />A user needs to know the key to decrypt a file, log-in password not enough.<br /><br />13. EFS (contd.)<br />Uses Public Key Encryption.<br />Initial version uses DES as the encryption algorithm.<br />Randomly generated File Encryption Key<br />(FEK) used for encryption.<br />Users/Recovery Agents encrypt the FEK using their public key and decrypt using their private key.<br /><br />14. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)<br />Primary components of Windows 2000 PKI are:<br />Certificate Services: Businesses act as their own Certificate Authorities (CAs).<br />Active Directory directory service: Store information about the network and used to publish keys.<br />PKI enabled applications.<br />Exchange Key Management Service (KMS): Used to manage email encryption keys.<br /><br />15. PKI (contd.)<br />Includes typical components of a PKI: CA, and Sub-CA.<br />Certificates are compliant with ITU-TX.508 standard.<br />Supports standard security protocols like IPSec, PKINIT, PC/SC etc. Enhances interoperability.<br />Users now have the capability of mixing public and private CAs in their environment.<br /><br />16. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows”<br />New set of features for a future operating system – previously codenamed “Palladium”<br />Promises to provide greater security, enhanced personal privacy, and system integrity.<br />Applications that would make use of “Palladium’s” security features are codenamed “Trusted Agents.”<br /><br />17. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” (contd.)<br />“Palladium” enabled systems would offer the following security features:<br />Protected Memory: Hide and protect the pages of main memory being used by a “Trusted Agent.”<br />Attestation: Data signed by a “Trusted Agent” to prove its authenticity.<br />Sealed Storage: The ability of a “Trusted Agent” to store data securely. <br />Secure input and output: Guarantee a trusted path from the input devices to a “Trusted Agent” and from a “Trusted Agent” to the output devices.<br /><br />18. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” (contd.)<br />“Palladium” requires both hardware and software support to implement the security features.<br />Hardware Support<br />To provide trusted space in memory.<br />To implement the sealed storage security feature.<br />Intel has already scheduled the release of its Prescott processor enabled with Le-Grande technology to provide hardware support.<br /><br />19. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” (contd.)<br />Software Support<br />Nexus (formerly codenamed “Trusted Operating Root”)<br />Technology to be used by the OS to provide trust functionality.<br />Executes in Kernel mode alongside “Trusted Agents” that execute in user mode.<br />Provides the APIs that the “Trusted Agents” can use to communicate with Nexus.<br /><br />20. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” (contd.)<br />Software Support (contd.)<br />“Trusted Agents”<br />User applications that can make use of “Palladium’s” security features.<br />Execute in the user mode in trusted space.<br />Call Nexus when need to make use of some security feature.<br />Able to store secrets using sealed storage and authenticate themselves using attestation.<br /><br />21. “Next Generation Secure Computing Base for Windows” (contd.)<br />Examples <br />Protection against virus attacks<br />Still need anti-virus software to catch a virus<br />If the anti-virus software is a “Trusted Agent,” then “Palladium” makes sure it executes in secure environment and infected code doesn’t affect it.<br />File encryption<br />Files encrypted using system specific secrets cryptographically locked into hardware.<br />Files useless if maliciously copied or tampered with.<br /><br />22. Conclusion<br />High security promises prompt consumers to store important and private data carelessly.<br />No matter how high OS security promises are, someone’s always out there to break them.<br />An example is the Code-Red worm that hammered the Windows 2000 users by manipulating a loophole in IIS 4.0 and 5.0.<br /><br />23. Thanks.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4326296907191576579?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-10240032520614240882012-01-03T02:03:00.000-08:002012-01-03T02:03:26.863-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>WI-FI Technology PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20796hm2dx4cw" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Wi-Fi%20top.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Wi-Fi Wireless Communications<br />Sheldon Lou<br /><br />2. What is Wi-Fi?<br />The standard for wireless local area networks (WLANs). It’s like a common language that all the devices use to communicate to each other. If you have a standard, people can make all sorts of devices that can work with each other.<br />It’s actually IEEE 802.11, a family of standards. The IEEE (Eye-triple-E, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.) is a non-profit, technical professional association of more than 360,000 individual members in approximately 175 countries. The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance started the Wi-Fi--wireless fidelity--certification program to ensure that equipment claiming 802.11 compliance was genuinely interoperable. <br /><br />3. US Frequency Bands<br />Band Frequency range<br />UHF ISM 902-928 MHz<br />S-Band 2-4 GHz<br />S-Band ISM 2.4-2.5 GHz<br />C-Band 4-8 GHz<br />C-Band satellite downlink 3.7-4.2 GHz<br />C-Band Radar (weather) 5.25-5.925 GHz<br />C-Band ISM 5.725-5.875 GHz<br />C-Band satellite uplink 5.925-6.425 GHz<br />X-Band 8-12 GHz<br />X-Band Radar (police/weather) 8.5-10.55 GHz<br /><br />4. Standard Speed Freq band Notes<br />802.11 2 Mbps 2.4 GHz (1997) 802.11a 54 Mbps 5 GHz (1999) 802.11b 11 Mbps 2.4 GHz 802.11g 54 Mbps 2.4 GHz <br /><br />5. ISM Band<br />ISM stands for industrial, scientific, and medical. ISM bands are set aside for equipment that is related to industrial or scientific processes or is used by medical equipment. Perhaps the most familiar ISM-band device is the microwave oven, which operates in the 2.4-GHz ISM band. The ISM bands are license-free, provided that devices are low-power. You don't need a license to set up and operate a wireless network.<br /><br />6. WLAN Architecture—Ad Hoc Mode<br />Ad-Hoc mode: Peer-to-peer setup where clients can connect to each other directly. Generally not used for business networks. <br /><br />7. Ad Hoc Structure<br />Mobile stations communicate to each other directly.<br />It’s set up for a special purpose and for a short period of time. For example, the participants of a meeting in a conference room may create an ad hoc network at the beginning of the meeting and dissolve it when the meeting ends.<br /><br />8. WLAN Architecture--Mesh<br />Mesh: Every client in the network also acts as an access or relay point, creating a “self-healing” and (in theory) infinitely extensible network. <br />Not yet in widespread use, unlikely to be in homes.<br /><br />9. Infrastructure network<br />There is an Access Point (AP), which becomes the hub of a “star topology.”<br />Any communication has to go through AP. If a Mobile Station (MS), like a computer, a PDA, or a phone, wants to communicate with another MS, it needs to send the information to AP first, then AP sends it to the destination MS<br />Multiple APs can be connected together and handle a large number of clients. <br />Used by the majority of WLANs in homes and businesses.<br /><br />10. Roaming<br />In an extended service area, a mobile station (MS) can roam from one BSS (Basic Service Set) to another.<br />Roughly speaking, the MS keeps checking the beacon signal sent by each AP and select the strongest one and connect to that AP.<br />If the BSSs overlap, the connection will not be interrupted when an MS moves from one set to another. If not, the service will be interrupted.<br />Two BSSs coverage areas can largely overlap to increase the capacity for a particular area. If so, the two access points will use different channels, as we will explain later.<br /><br />11. Antennas<br />All WLAN equipment comes with a built-in omni-directional antenna, but some select products will let you attach secondary antennas that will significantly boost range. <br /><br />12. Antennas, continued<br />Antennas come in all shapes and styles:<br />Omni-directional:<br />Vertical Whip<br />Ceiling mount<br />Directional:<br />Yagi (“Pringles can”) <br />Wall mounted panel<br />Parabolic dish<br /><br />13. How Can Several Users Communicate Simultaneously?<br />As we have discussed, there is a difference between a network designed for voice conversation and one for data exchange.<br />For voice conversations, like telephone and cell phone calls, each person has a dedicated channel during the entire conversation. (3G and 4G cell phones are somewhat different, as we will explain later.)<br />For data exchange, many users can share one channel. A user sends information when no one else is sending.<br />New technologies try to accommodate both voice and data transmissions, as we will discuss in this course.<br /><br />14. Share one channel in data communication<br />In data communication, data are grouped into packets/frames. Each packet/frame contains a number of bits of information. <br />Devices (phones, computers, etc.) don’t communicate simultaneously. It’s like they are sharing one single cable (the air in this case), only one person can use it at one time. <br />Before an MS (mobile station) sends its packets, it checks to see if someone else is sending information. Only when the medium is free can an MS sends packets.<br />If some station is sending or receiving signal, the MS that intends to send will generate a random waiting time and wait for its turn. If several MSs are all waiting for their turns, since their waiting times are randomly generated and thus not equal, they will not start sending simultaneously. Thus collision (two or more MSs sending signals simultaneously) is avoided.<br />It’s called Carrier Sensing Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA).<br /><br />15. RTS/CTS (Request-to-send/clear-to-send)<br />Use Request-to-send/clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) mechanism (p. 191-192, Fig. 4.17 &amp; p. 462, Fig. 11.14) to avoid collision when two MSs cannot hear each other (blocked by a wall …).<br />A terminal ready for transmission sends an RTS packet identifying the source address, destination address, and the length of the data to be sent.<br />The destination station responds with CTS packet.<br />The source terminal receives the CTS and sends the data.<br />Other terminals go to the virtual carrier-sensing mode (NAV signal on), therefore the source terminal sends its packet with no contention.<br />After completion of the transmission, the destination station sends an ACK, opening contention for other users.<br /><br />16. WiMax<br /><br />17. What is WiMax?<br />WiMax is a radio technology that promises to deliver two-way Internet access at speeds of up to 75 Mbps at long range. <br /><br />Its backers claim that WiMax can transmit data up to 30 miles between broadcast towers and can blanket areas more than a mile in radius with bandwidth that exceeds current DSL and cable broadband capabilities. <br /><br />So, some believe that it could slash the cost of bringing broadband to remote areas. <br /><br />18. WiMax (Cont’d)<br />WiMax, short for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is the latest of the wireless "last mile" broadband technologies. <br /><br />ISP see WiMax as a means of connecting rural or remote areas with broadband service, something that would be technically, physically or economically difficult to do by burying wire for DSL or cable connections.<br /><br />Laying wires is especially difficult in hilly areas like Susquehanna. <br /><br />19. Benefits over Satellite<br />In rural areas, the real competition to WiMax would be satellite data services.<br /><br />The benefit that WiMax offers over satellite is that satellite offers limited uplink bandwidth (upload data rates are not as high as download data rates).<br /><br />Further, satellite suffers with high latency.<br /><br />20. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1024003252061424088?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-69060730840427841472012-01-02T05:19:00.000-08:002012-01-02T05:19:25.950-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>DOS Attack PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20776cmbbctdz" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/dos%20attack.PPT">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Denial of Service Attacks<br /><br />2. What Are DDoS Tools?<br />Clog victim’s network.<br />Use many sources (“daemons”) for attacking traffic.<br />Use “master” machines to control the daemon attackers.<br />At least 4 different versions in use: TFN, TFN2K, Trinoo, Stacheldraht.<br /><br />3. Definition<br />Denial-of-service (DoS) attack aims at disrupting the authorized use of networks, systems, or applications<br />by sending messages which exhaust service provider’s resources ( network bandwidth, system resources, application resources)<br />Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks employ multiple (dozens to millions) compromised computers to perform a coordinated and widely distributed DoS attack<br />Victims of (D)DoS attacks <br />service-providers (in terms of time, money, resources, good will)<br />legitimate service-seekers (deprived of availability of service itself)<br />Zombie systems(Penultimate and previous layers of compromised systems in DDoS) <br /><br />4. Analyzing the goal of DoS attacks<br />A (D)DoS attack is different in goal : iWar, in short <br />Just deny availability<br />Can work on any port left open <br />No intention for stealing/theft of information<br />Although, in the process of denying service to/from victim, Zombie systems may be hijacked<br /><br />5. Who? What for?<br />The ulterior motive <br />Earlier attacks were proofs of concepts or simple pranks<br />Pseudo-supremacy feeling (of defaulters) upon denying services in large scale to normal people<br />DoS attacks on Internet chat channel moderators <br />Eye-for-eye attitude<br />Political disagreements<br />Competitive edge<br />Hired <br />Major lack of data on perpetrators and motives<br />Levels of attackers <br />Highly proficient attackers who are rarely identified or caught<br />Script-kiddies<br /><br />6. Why should we care?<br />As per 2006 CSI/FBI Computer Crime and Security Survey <br />25% of respondents faced some form of DoS attacks in previous 12 months. This value varied from 25% to 40% over the course of time<br />DoS attacks are the 5th most costly form of attacks<br />A DoS attack is not just missing out on the latest sports scores or Tweets or weather reports<br />Internet is now a critical resource whose disruption has financial implications, or even dire consequences on human safety<br />Cybercrime and cyberwarfare might use of DoS or DDoS as a potential weapon to disrupt or degrade critical infrastructure<br />DDoS attacks are a major threat to the stability of the Internet<br /><br />7. Fast facts<br />In Feb 2000, series of massive DoS attacks incapacitated several high-visibility Internet e-commerce sites, including Yahoo, Ebay and E*trade <br />In Jan 2001, Microsoft’s name sever infrastructure was disabled<br />98% legitimate users could not get to any Microsoft’s servers<br />In Sept 2001, an attack by a UK-based teenager on the port of Houston’s Web server, made weather and scheduling information unavailable<br />No ships could dock at the world’s 8th busiest maritime facility due to lack of weather and scheduling information<br />Entire network performance was affected<br />In Oct 2002, all Domain Name System servers were attacked<br />Attack lasted only an hour<br />9 of the 13 servers were seriously affected<br />In Aug 2009, the attack on Twitter and Facebook <br /><br />8. How They Talk<br />Trinoo: attacker uses TCP; masters and daemons use UDP; password authentication.<br />TFN: attacker uses shell to invoke master; masters and daemons use ICMP ECHOREPLY.<br />Stacheldraht: attacker uses encrypted TCP connection to master; masters and daemons use TCP and ICMP ECHO REPLY; rcp used for auto-update.<br /><br />9. Deploying DDOS<br />Attackers seem to use standard, well-known holes (i.e., rpc.ttdbserver, amd, rpc.cmsd, rpc.mountd, rpc.statd).<br />They appear to have “auto-hack” tools – point, click, and invade.<br />Lesson: practice good computer hygiene.<br /><br />10. Detecting DDOS Tools<br />Most current IDS’s detect the current generation of tools.<br />They work by looking for DDOS control messages.<br />Naturally, these will change over time; in particular, more such messages will be properly encrypted. (A hacker PKI?)<br /><br />11. What are the Strong Defenses?<br />There aren’t any…<br /><br />12. What Can ISPs Do?<br />Deploy source address anti-spoof filters (very important!).<br />Turn off directed broadcasts.<br />Develop security relationships with neighbor ISPs.<br />Set up mechanism for handling customer security complaints.<br />Develop traffic volume monitoring techniques.<br /><br />13. Traffic Volume Monitoring<br />Look for too much traffic to a particular destination.<br />Learn to look for traffic to that destination at your border routers (access routers, peers, exchange points, etc.).<br />Can we automate the tools – too many queue drops on an access router will trigger source detection?<br /><br />14. Can We Do Better Some Day?<br />ICMP Traceback message.<br />Enhance newer congestion control techniques, i.e., RED.<br />Warning – both of these are untested ideas. The second is a research topic.<br /><br />15. ICMP Traceback<br />For a very few packets (about 1 in 20,000), each router will send the destination a new ICMP message indicating the previous hop for that packet.<br />Net traffic increase at endpoint is about .1% -- probably acceptable.<br />Issues: authentication, loss of traceback packets, load on routers.<br /><br />16. Enhanced Congestion Control<br />Define an attack as “too many packets drops on a particular access line”.<br />Send upstream node a message telling it to drop more packets for this destination.<br />Traditional RED+penalty box works on flows; this works on destination alone.<br />Issues: authentication, fairness, effect on legitimate traffic, implementability, etc.<br /><br />17.Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6906073084042784147?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-24731643888983380102012-01-02T03:41:00.000-08:002012-01-02T03:41:12.509-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Most Popular PPTs</b></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>&nbsp;<a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-robotics.html">Robotics</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-3g.html">3G Technology </a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-bluetooth.html">Bluetooth</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on.html">Nanotechnology</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-power-plant.html">Power Plant</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-global.html">Global Warming</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2010/07/powerpoint-presentation-on-android.html">Android</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-4g.html">4G Technology</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/01/powerpoint-presentation-on_05.html">Communication Skills</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-embedded.html">Embedded System</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-social.html">Social Networking</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2010/03/ppt-on-stress-management.html">Stress Management</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-anna-hazare.html">Anna Hazare</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-girls.html">Girls</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-google.html">Google</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bill-gates.html">Bill Gates</a></li></ul></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2473164388898338010?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-47548142299708555212011-12-26T02:50:00.000-08:002011-12-29T02:36:48.610-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Heart Attack</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20752db69krgw" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/HeartAttack.pps">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Let's say it's 6.15pm and you're driving home (alone of course) after an unusually hard day on the job.<br />You're really tired, and frustrated……<br /><br />2. YOU ARE REALLY STRESSED AND UPSET ….<br />Suddenly you start experiencing severe pain in your chest that starts to radiate out into your arm and up into your jaw.<br />You are only five miles from the hospital nearest your home.<br />Unfortunately you don't know if you'll be able to make it that far<br /><br />3. WHAT TO DO ???<br />YOU HAVE BEEN TRAINED IN CPR, BUT THE GUY THAT CONDUCTED THE COURSE DID NOT TELL YOU HOW TO PERFORM IT ON YOURSELF !!!<br /><br />4. HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK WHEN ALONE?<br />SINCE MANY PEOPLE ARE ALONE WHEN THEY SUFFER A HEART ATTACK, WITHOUT HELP, THE PERSON WHOSE HEART IS BEATING IMPROPERLY AND WHO BEGINS TO FEEL FAINT, HAS ONLY ABOUT 10 SECONDS LEFT BEFORE LOSING CONSCIOUS<br /><br />5. ANSWER:<br />DO NOT PANIC, BUT START COUGHING REPEATEDLY AND VERY VIGOROUSLY.<br />A DEEP BREATH SHOULD BE TAKEN BEFORE EACH COUGH, THE COUGH MUST BE DEEP AND PROLONGED, AS WHEN PRODUCING SPUTUM FROM DEEP INSIDE THE CHEST.<br />A BREATH AND A COUGH MUST BE REPEATED ABOUT EVERY TWO SECONDS WITHOUT LET-UP UNTIL HELP ARRIVES, OR UNTIL THE HEART IS FELT TO BE BEATING NORMALLY AGAIN.<br /><br />6. DEEP BREATHS GET OXYGEN INTO THE LUNGS AND COUGHING MOVEMENTS SQUEEZE THE HEART AND KEEP THE BLOOD CIRCULATING. THE SQUEEZING PRESSURE ON THE HEART ALSO HELPS IT REGAIN NORMAL RHYTHM. IN THIS WAY, HEART ATTACK VICTIMS CAN GET TO A HOSPITAL<br /><br />7. TELL AS MANY OTHER PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE ABOUT THIS.<br />IT COULD SAVE THEIR LIVES !!! DON'T EVER THINK THAT YOU ARE NOT PRONE TO HEART ATTACK AS YOUR AGE IS LESS THAN 25 OR 30. NOWADAYS DUE TO THE CHANGE IN THE<br />LIFE STYLE, HEART ATTACK IS FOUND AMONG PEOPLE OF ALL AGE GROUPS.<br />BE A FRIEND AND PLEASE SEND THIS ARTICLE TO AS MANY FRIENDS AS POSSIBLE</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4754814229970855521?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-43574011238230957582011-12-24T01:25:00.000-08:002011-12-29T02:38:24.460-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On NANOBOTS</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20548hrgqtzcs" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/NanoBots.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. NANOBOTS-The Future Doctor<br />PRESENTED BY:<br />N.RAGA SWAROOPA<br />II YEAR EEE<br /><br />2. Nano:<br />A prefix that means very, very, small. <br />The word nano is from the Greek word ‘Nano’ meaning Dwarf. It is a prefix used to describe "one billionth" of something, or 0.000000001. <br /><br />3. Nano science <br />A part of science that studies small stuff. <br />It’s not biology, physics or chemistry. It’s all sciences that work with the very small.<br /><br />4. Nanotechnology <br />The art and science of making useful stuff that does stuff on the nanometer length scale.<br /><br />5. NANOROBOTS<br />The tiniest of computers need to have the smallest of&nbsp;processors in order to make light and small computers more accessible.<br />This will require smaller and smaller wiring capabilities. The smallest of wiring materials is engineered by the nanotechnology.<br />The 1980s and early 1990s saw a significant increase in the popularity of nanotechnology. This is the science that can figure out how to power our lives with nothing more than molecules and atoms.<br /><br />6. HOW ARE NANOROBOTS MADE?<br />The ultimate goal and essential definition of a nanorobot is to have the microscopic entity made entirely out of&nbsp;electromechanical components.<br />Humans are able to perform one nano-function at a time , but the thousands of varied applications required to construct an autonomous robot would be exceedingly&nbsp;tedious for us to execute by hand, no matter how high-tech the laboratory.<br />The ideal nanobot consists of a transporting mechanism , an internal processor and a fuel unit of some kind that enables it to function.<br /><br />7. The main difficulty arises around this fuel unit. One possible solution is to adhere a fine film of radioactive particles to the nanobot’s body. As the particles decay and release energy the nanobot would be able to harness this power source.<br />The other problem is with the construction of a nanorobot. Metal that might be used for the robot’s construction behaves one way in relatively large quantities and a completely different way on the nano scale.<br />Microscopic silicon components called transducers have so far been successfully built into nanorobot legs.<br /><br />8. Scientists are hard at work on designing a body built out of&nbsp;transducers; they are encountering slight problems in agreeing on what the final shape of the standard nanobot should be.<br />Very few researchers support the humanoid design.<br />They hope that by equipping the nanobot with several sets of fast-moving legs and keeping its body low to the ground , they can create a quick, efficient machine that would also be suitably shaped for introduction into human blood&nbsp;vessels to perform functions such as clearing away built-up cholesterol or repairing tissue damage.<br /><br />9. A robot this small can actually interact with materials on their molecular and atomic level.<br />They could rebuild tissue molecules in order to close a&nbsp;wound, or rebuild the walls of veins and arteries to stop bleeding and save lives. They could make their way through the bloodstream to the heart and perform heart surgery&nbsp;molecule by molecule without many of the risks.<br />Likewise, researchers hope that nanorobots will have many&nbsp;miraculous effects on brain research, cancer research, and finding cures for difficult diseases.<br /><br />10. REPAIRING OF DAMAGED TISSUES BY NANOBOTS:<br />The medical science wants to create nanobots that can repair damaged tissue without pain and trauma. Many of the medical procedures we employ today are very traumatic to the human body and do not work in harmony with our natural systems.<br />Nanorobots are so small that they actually interact on the same level as bacteria and viruses do, and so they are capable of&nbsp;building with the very particles of our bodies: atoms and molecules.<br /><br />11. Patients may be allergic to anesthetics, during an organ transplant their body may mysteriously reject the new organ , leading to death.<br />And in the case of a tumor operation, even a few microscopic missed cells can constitute complete failure to battle the cancer. The drug which is supposed to cure you may actually leave many&nbsp;parts of your body in worse shape than they were before.<br />Nanorobots, on the other hand, will typically measure only about six atoms wide. It is anticipated that they could be equipped with all sorts of tools and cameras in order to furnish more extensive information about the human body.<br /><br />12. Nanorobots could be used to clear built-up cholesterol from your arteries, thereby saving you from a heart attack. When it comes to major unsolved diseases like cancer, nanorobots are perfect for eradicating malignant cells.<br />Scientists are already hard at work on nanobots that can identify&nbsp;and destroy cancer at its growth site so that no trauma is inflicted anywhere else in the body.<br />They could also perform delicate surgical functions such as closing a split vein. Regardless of the individual details, it seems clear that the advent of the nanobot is destined to change the face of medicine forever.<br /><br />13. WHAT NANOBOTS ARE MADE OF?:<br />Traditionally, most robots have a solar cell or some kind of&nbsp;battery pack, but obviously these are many times too large for nanorobot. However, the answer may lie in nuclear technology.<br />Researchers consider it highly likely that when equipped with a thin film of radioactive material, nanobots will be able to fuel themselves on particles released by decaying atoms. This fuel technology is easily scaled down to nano-size.<br />Silicon has always been the first choice for delicate electronics and has the right qualities to make a successful scaled-down robot, even one as tiny as a few hundred nanometers. It is strong enough to last and conduct electricity.<br /><br />14. However, constructing nanobots out of silicon would subject them to the same issues that other silicon electronics face , one of which is that they are not biodegradable. They would still be another small drain on our natural resources.<br />U.C. Berkeley affiliate Kris Pister invented a solar-powered robot that measures only 8.5 millimeters and can walk slowly&nbsp;on two “legs” like humans do.<br />Pister composed his robot primarily of tiny silicon pieces called transducers which are capable of taking the energy&nbsp;generated by the robot’s solar cell and turning it into mechanical power.<br /><br />15. Prototypes have been built using biological components, but the ultimate goal is to achieve a purely electromechanical model.<br />In the middle stage of our nanobot development we will probably see high-production nano-factories emerge, which can then in turn produce an ultimate nanorobot: a fully mechanical,&nbsp;voice-programmed microscopic machine capable of performing a wide array of useful functions.<br />Scientists consider this the end goal in all nano technological research, and expect that it will take several stages to get there. So, in other words, fans of the ideal nanorobot may have to wait. But eventually we will have this ultimate technology and all of its amazing capabilities at our disposal.<br /><br />16. APPLICATIONS OF NANOROBOTS:<br />1.BLUE BRAIN :<br />The name of the world’s first virtual brain. That means a machine that can function as human brain. The IBM is now developing a virtual brain known as the BLUE BRAIN.<br />A machine that can function as brain .<br />It can take decision.<br />It can respond.<br />It can keep things in memory.<br />Nanobots could carefully scan the structure of our brain , providing a complete readout of the connection. The neocortex is the largest and most complex part of the human brain, and constitutes about 85 percent of the brain's total mass.<br /><br />17. The neocortex is thought to be responsible for the cognitive functions of language, learning, memory and complex thought.<br />The simulated neurons will be interconnected with rules the team has worked out about how the brain functions. This result&nbsp;would develop a simulated model known as “Blue brain”<br />The main aim of blue brain is to build an software replica or template which could reveal many existing aspects of the brain circuits, memory capacity, and how memories are lost.<br />The Blue Brain simulation uses one microprocessor for each of&nbsp;the 10,000 neurons in the cortical column of a rat's cerebral cortex. It helps to build a brain microcircuit, in order to scale it in human brain.<br /><br />18. 2. BLOODSTREAM :<br />Scientists at Micro/Nano physics Research Laboratory at&nbsp;Australia’s Monash University have developed tiny nanobot micro motors that are a mere quarter of a millimeter, powered by tiny&nbsp;piezoelectric motors, capable of swimming in the human bloodstream.&nbsp;While the team is still devising ways to remote control the new robots. They feel that they have a solid solution for an autonomous motor design in the form of piezoelectric. In the human body, the flow of&nbsp;blood provides abundant kinetic energy.<br /><br />19. While a nanobot is too small to likely have a useful battery,it could exploit this kinetic energy to power tiny&nbsp;micro motors, the goal of the Australian researchers. <br /><br />20. Conclusion<br />Nanobots will be the next generation of&nbsp;nano machines. <br />Advanced nanobots will be able to sense and adapt to environmental stimuli such as heat, light, sounds,surface textures, and chemicals; perform complex calculations; move, communicate, and work together; conduct molecular assembly; and, to some extent, repair or even replicate themselves.<br />The field of nanotechnology and holotechnology&nbsp;&nbsp;will overlap in the design of projection screens and user interfaces of the next generations of the holographic cellphones,and televisions. <br />More virtual Reality.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4357401123823095758?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-22393102173974742552011-12-23T03:10:00.000-08:002011-12-29T02:39:05.386-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On The Green Revolution</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20544d7ns2dhh" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/greenrevolution.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. The Green Revolution.<br /><br />2. Why? When?<br />The green revolution applies to many third world countries, but the most successful experiment was the one in India. <br /><br />Here the Bengal Famine, (the world's worst recorded food disaster) happened in 1943. An estimated four million people died of hunger that year alone in eastern India. <br /><br />It was therefore natural that food security was a paramount item on free India's agenda. This awareness led to the Green Revolution in&nbsp;India. However, the term "Green Revolution" is applied to the period from 1967 to 1978. Between 1947 and 1967, efforts at achieving food self-sufficiency were not entirely successful. <br /><br />Efforts until 1967 largely concentrated on expanding the farming areas. But starvation deaths were still being reported. In a perfect case of Malthusian economics, population was growing at a much faster rate than food production. This called for drastic action to increase yield. The action came in the form of the Green Revolution.<br /><br />3. What was the Green Revolution in India?<br /><br />There were three basic elements in the method of the Green Revolution:<br /><br />1) Continued expansion of farming areas.<br /><br />2) Double-cropping existing farmland.<br /><br />3) Using seeds with improved genetics.<br /><br />4. Continued expansion of farming areas.<br />The area of land under cultivation was being increased right from 1947, but this was not enough in meeting with the rising demand. <br /><br />Other methods were required to increase resources. Yet, the expansion of cultivable land also had to continue. <br /><br />So, the Green revolution continued with this quantitative expansion of farmlands, even though it was not the most striking feature of the revolution.<br /><br />5. Double-cropping existing farmland<br />Double-cropping was a primary feature of the Green Revolution.<br />Instead of one crop season per year, the decision was made to have two crop seasons per year. The one-season-per-year practice was based on the fact that there is only natural monsoon per year.<br /><br />So, there had to be two "monsoons" per year. One would be the natural monsoon and the other an artificial 'monsoon’. <br />The artificial monsoons were created by huge irrigation facilities. Dams were built to arrest large volumes of natural monsoon water which were earlier being wasted. Simple irrigation techniques were also adopted. <br /><br />6. Using seeds with improved genetics<br />This was the scientific aspect of the Green Revolution. The Indian Council for Agricultural Research was re-organized in 1965 and then again in 1973. <br /><br />It developed new strains of high yield value (HYV) seeds, mainly wheat and rice but also millet and corn. The most noteworthy HYV seed was the K68 variety for wheat. <br /><br />The credit for developing this strain goes to Dr. M.P. Singh who is also regarded as the hero of India's Green revolution. <br /><br />7. Advantages:<br />1) The Green Revolution resulted in a record grain output of 131 million tons in 1978-79. This established India as one of the world's biggest agricultural producers. No other country in the world which attempted the Green Revolution recorded such level of success. India also became an exporter of food grains around that time. <br /><br />2) Yield per unit of farmland improved by more than 30 per cent between 1947 and 1979 when the Green Revolution was considered to have delivered its goods. <br /><br />3) The crop area under HYV varieties grew from seven per cent to 22 per cent of the total cultivated area during the 10 years of the Green Revolution. More than 70 per cent of the wheat crop area, 35 per cent of the rice crop area and 20 per cent of the millet and corn crop area, used the HYV seeds. <br /><br />4) Crop areas under high-yield varieties needed more water, more fertilizer, more pesticides, fungicides and other chemicals. This spurred the growth of the local manufacturing sector. Such industrial growth created new jobs and contributed to the country's GDP. <br /><br />5) The increase in irrigation created need for new dams to harness monsoon water. The water stored was used to create hydro-electric power. This in turn boosted industrial growth, created jobs and improved the quality of life of the people in villages.<br /><br />6) India paid back all loans it had taken from the World Bank and its affiliates for the purpose of the Green Revolution. This improved India's creditworthiness in the eyes of the lending agencies. <br /><br />7) Some developed countries, especially Canada, which were facing a shortage in agricultural labour, were so impressed by the results of India's Green Revolution that they asked the Indian government to supply them with farmers experienced in the methods of the Green Revolution. Many farmers from India were thus sent to Canada where they settled. These people remitted part of their incomes to their relatives in India. This not only helped the relatives but also added to India's foreign exchange earnings. <br /><br />8. Disadvantages:<br />1) Even today, India's agricultural output sometimes falls short of demand. The Green Revolution, howsoever impressive, has thus not succeeded in making India totally and permanently self-sufficient in food. In 1979 and 1987, India faced severe drought conditions due to poor monsoon; this raised questions about the whether the Green Revolution was really a long-term achievement. In 1998, India had to import onions, due to a lack of crops. <br /><br />2) India has failed to extend the concept of high-yield value seeds to all crops or all regions. In terms of crops, it remains largely confined to food grains only, not to all kinds of agricultural produce. In regional terms, only Punjab and Haryana states showed the best results of the Green Revolution. The eastern plains of the River Ganges in West Bengal state also showed reasonably good results, but others were less impressive in other parts of India. <br /><br />9. Conclusion<br />Nothing like the Bengal Famine can happen in India again. But even today, there are places like Kalahandi where famine-like conditions have been existing for many years and where some starvation deaths have also been reported. This is due to some reasons other than availability of food in India, but the very fact that some people are still starving in India (whatever the reason may be), brings into question whether the Green Revolution has failed in its social objectives. <br /><br />So, overall I feel that the Green revolution, in this case in India, has not been 100% successful, even though it has been a resounding success in terms of agricultural production. <br /><br />10. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2239310217397474255?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-2289563054650868722011-12-13T19:59:00.000-08:002011-12-13T20:00:39.349-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20449hmdjw7v3" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DCASE7-03.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. ENABLING OBJECTIVES<br />DESCRIBE the hazards of flammable or toxic gases and vapors.<br />DESCRIBE the physical characteristics of common gases, solvents and fuels.<br />DESCRIBE shipboard locations of various explosive or toxic gases or mixtures of gases may be encountered.<br />DESCRIBE the sources of explosive or toxic gases in the shipboard environment.<br />Calculate the combined toxicity levels for combined concentrations of harmful gases<br /><br />2. 7.02 HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES<br />&nbsp;REFERENCES:<br />(a) 29 CFR 1910.1000, OSHA Permissible Exposure limits<br />(b) NWP 3-20.31, Surface Ship Survivability<br />OPNAVINST 5100.19 (series), NAVOSH Program Manual for Forces Afloat<br />(c) NSTM 074 Vol. 3, Gas Free Engineering<br /><br />3. WHY ARE TERMS AND DEFINITIONS IMPORTANT?<br />You, the GFE, must be able to use and understand terms<br />Prevents misunderstandings between you, military personnel, and civilian personnel (think liability!)<br />Lends credibility to your qualifications and your program<br /><br />4. IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH (IDLH)<br />Any atmosphere that meets one or more of the following conditions<br />Oxygen content &lt; 19.5 or &gt; 22%<br />Flammable vapors at a concentration of 10% or &gt; LEL <br />Presence of toxicants above NIOSH IDLH limits<br />(Found in Appendix G of 074 Vol. 3)<br /><br />5. PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL)<br />The maximum permissible concentration of a toxic agent to which personnel may be exposed.<br />Published by OSHA <br />Based on a TWA for a normal 8-hour day, 40 hour, 7-day week<br />Expressed in parts per million (ppm)<br />Single toxicants only<br /><br />6. CONFINED SPACE<br />Limited and restricted accesses<br />Lack of natural ventilation<br />May contain or produce hazardous contaminants or oxygen deficiencies or enrichment<br />Not intended for continuous occupancy<br /><br />7. CONFINED SPACE CHARACTERISTICS<br />Large enough for worker to enter<br />Contains or can contain hazardous atmosphere produced by sludge, chemicals, sewage<br />Laid out so anyone who enters may be trapped or asphyxiated<br /><br />8. CONFINED SPACES<br />Tanks<br />Voids<br />Interior machinery (boilers, condensers, oil sumps)<br />Non-ventilated storerooms<br />Ventilation &amp; Exhaust ducts<br /><br />9. Reasons for Oxygen deficiency<br />Eductors<br />Fires<br />Rusting (Oxidation)<br />Inerting<br />Decomposing Organic Matter<br />-- Sewage<br />-- Fermentation of grains, sugars, etc.<br />-- Rotting plant or marine life<br /><br />10. Common Shipboard Hazards<br />Carbon Monoxide<br />Hydrogen Sulfide<br />Halon &amp; Freon<br />Carbon Dioxide<br />Nitrogen Dioxide<br />Methane<br />Hydrogen<br />Ammonia<br /><br />11. What Toxic Tests are required to be conducted after a class "B" fire?<br />Carbon Dioxide<br />Carbon Monoxide<br />Hydrogen Chloride<br />Hydrogen Cyanide<br />Hydrocarbons<br /><br />12. Carbon Monoxide (CO)<br />FROM INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION<br />COLORLESS, ODORLESS, TASTELESS <br />LIGHTER THAN AIR<br />SUBTLE ASPHYXIANT<br />FLAMMABLE<br /><br />13. AEROBIC:<br />(with oxygen) decomposition and stabilization.<br />ANAROBIC: <br />(without oxygen) decomposition.<br /><br />14. FREON (R-12, R-113, R-134)<br />Colorless, Odorless, Heavier Than Air<br />NON-FLAMMABLE:<br />RUSSIA USES FREON FOR F/F<br />Frostbite<br />Blunt Asphyxiant, Attacks Nervous System, Dry Land Drowning<br /><br />15. HALON 1301 (BromoTriFlouroMethane)<br />Colorless, Odorless<br />5 Times Heavier Than Air<br />Frostbite<br />Attacks Nervous System, Dry Land Drowning <br />Decomposes at High Temps: HF, HCl, HBr<br /><br />16. HALON 1301<br />5 - 7 % for 10 min: No Health Danger<br />7 - 10% : Dizziness, Tingling Extremities, Mild Anesthesia<br />&gt; 10 % : Very Dizzy, Nearly Unconscious, Lose Physical &amp; Mental Dexterity<br /><br />17. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)<br />Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless, Inert<br />HEAVIER THAN AIR<br />Blunt Asphyxiant<br />NON-FLAMMABLE<br /><br />18. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)<br />DARK BROWN, PUNGENT GAS<br />CHOKING AGENT -- Absorbed<br />HEAVIER THAN AIR<br />NON FLAMMABLE<br /><br />19. Methane (CH4)<br />COLORLESS, ODORLESS GAS<br />LIGHTER THAN AIR<br />EXTREMELY EXPLOSIVE<br />AEROBIC ORGANIC DECAY<br />20. Ammonia (NH3)<br />PUNGENT ODOR<br />LIGHTER THAN AIR <br />FLAMMABLE<br />CHOKING AGENT<br /><br />21. Hydrogen (H)<br />ODORLESS, COLORLESS GAS<br />LIGHTER THAN AIR<br />EXTREMELY EXPLOSIVE<br /><br />22. HYDROCARBONS<br />C METHANE<br />C-C BUTANE<br />C-C-C-C-C PENTANE<br />C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C OCTANE<br /><br />23. How do you know what toxicants to test for in a space?<br />Appendix E<br />How do you know what Draeger Tubes are available?<br />Appendix L<br />How do you know the PEL and IDLH limits for Toxicants?<br />Appendix G<br /><br />24. UNITY EQUATION<br />“If there is more than one toxicant product in a space undergoing testing, the cumulative effects of the two or more products may be above unity, even though the PELs for any one of the products has not been exceeded.”<br />NSTM 074-19.11 (p74-14)<br /><br />25. UNITY EQUATION<br />C1/T1 + C2/T2 + ... = 1<br />WHERE:<br />C is the Measured Concentrations of Toxic Substances<br />and<br />T is the Toxic Limit : PEL or TLV (whichever is lowest)<br /><br />26. UNITY EQUATION<br />DETERMINE IF THE COMBINED TOXIC EFFECTS OF THE FOLLOWING GASES EXCEEDS THE ALLOWABLE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT ON A TWA. <br />ACTUAL PEL<br />Toluene 80 ppm 200 ppm<br />Carbon Monoxide 25 ppm 50 ppm<br />Xylene 40 ppm 100 ppm<br />(Remember, C1/T1 + C2/T2 + ... = 1)<br /><br />27. UNITY EQUATION<br />ACTUAL PEL<br />Toluene 80 ppm 200 ppm<br />Carbon Monoxide 25 ppm 50 ppm<br />Xylene 40 ppm 100 ppm<br /><br />28. Questions????<br />SUMMARY – We described the hazards of flammable or toxic gases and vapors.<br />We described the physical characteristics of common gases, solvents and fuels.<br />We described shipboard locations of various explosive or toxic gases or mixtures of gases may be encountered.<br />We described the sources of explosive or toxic gases in the shipboard environment.<br />We calculated the combined toxicity levels for combined concentrations of harmful gases<br /><br />29. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-228956305465086872?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-91062311272323052442011-12-12T20:51:00.000-08:002011-12-12T20:51:04.246-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Dubai</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20403g37kxvgr" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Dubai.pps">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs</b></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-palm-island.html">Palm Island</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bermuda.html">Bermuda Triangle</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-seven.html">Seven Wonders</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2010/10/powerpoint-presentation-on-paradise-on.html">Paradise On Earth </a></li></ul></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-9106231127232305244?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-56658680380791479212011-12-12T20:32:00.000-08:002011-12-12T20:56:49.468-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>I Think You Like It</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20377cspj33cb" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/THINGS_YOU_WONT_SEE_ON_CNN.PPS">Download&nbsp;</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/12/powerpoint-presentation-on-dubai.html">Dubai</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bill-gates.html">Bill Gates House</a></li><li><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-worlds.html">World's Mysteries</a></li></ul></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5665868038079147921?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-40500899214231500742011-12-04T22:44:00.000-08:002011-12-04T22:45:03.181-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Recent Trends in Telecommunication Sector</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20367gr7xfwg6" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://aryansexport.com/PPT/Recent%20Trend%20In%20Telecommuncation1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. “Recent Trends in Telecommunication Sector” <br />www.studygalaxy.com<br /><br />2. INTRODUCTION TO TELECOMMUNICATION &nbsp; <br />Telecommunications is the transmission of data and information between computers using a communications link such as a standard telephone line. <br />1994 was a watershed in the history of Indian telecom sector, which ranked sixth in the world after USA, china, Japan, Germany, and France in terms of number of installed fixed lines.<br />That year saw the introduction of new telecom policy (ntp) of government of India that envisaged a vast change in Indian telecom scenario and reflected the government’s desire to bring Indian telecom at par with the rest of the world. <br />This policy change was followed up by a large number of other initiatives, including introduction of ntp 1999 that indicated continuing commitment of the government to liberalize the sector. <br /><br />3. HISTORY OF THE TELECOM SECTOR IN INDIA <br />The telegraph act of 1885 governed the telecommunications sector. Under this act, the government was in-charge of policy making and provision of services.<br />Major changes began in the 1980s. <br />Under the Seventh Plan (1985-90), 3.6 percent of total outlay was set aside for communications <br />And since 1991, more than more than 5.5 percent is spent on it.<br />The initial phase of telecom reforms began in 1984 with the creation of Center for Department of Telematics (C-DOT) for developing indigenous technologies and private manufacturing of customer premise equipment. <br /><br />4. Growth of Telecom in India <br />1994 - National Telecom Policy – 1994 announced<br />1997 - Telecom Regulatory Authority of India was setup<br />March 1999 - National Telecom Policy – 99 announced<br />2000 - TRAI Act amended &amp; separate tribunal proposed<br />Oct-2002BSNL entered in to GSM cellular operation<br />19th October, 2002. Made incoming call free &amp; initiated tariff equalization process<br />Nov 2003 Unified Access (Basic &amp; Cellular) Service License (USAL) introduced as a first step<br />Recently 3G technology was launched by BSNL in India in 2008.<br />India is 4th largest market in Asia after china, japan and south Korea <br /><br />5. Services <br />Electronic mail (e-mail) <br />Voice mail <br />Internet<br />Facsimile (fax) <br />Videoconferencing <br />General Packet Radio Service (GPRS<br />Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)<br />Dial-in Services<br />Short Messaging Services (SMS)<br />Other Services<br /><br />6. Target Measure in 11th plan for Telecommunication Sector <br />Focus on making India a regional Telecom manufacturing hub. <br />FDI limit increased from 49% to 74%<br />100% FDI permitted under automatic route in the manufacturing sector<br />Deregulation virtually complete and Unified Licensing regime <br />Interconnection Usage Charge framework in place <br />Exemption from customs duty for import of Mobile Switching Centers<br />Comprehensive Spectrum policy and 3G policy on the anvil<br /><br />7. Conclusion <br />Private players in the telecom industry are performing far better than the public players i.e., MTNL and BSNL<br />Looking at the competition trend, it seems that soon in future, rural schools will be having broadband and internet facilities as their part of studies as well as routine lives.<br /><br />8. Thank You</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4050089921423150074?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-86202736307390044742011-11-30T23:05:00.000-08:002011-11-30T23:06:04.944-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Contract Farming PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20357gsmb7vcg" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://aryansexport.com/PPT/Contract%20Farming.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Contract Farming<br />One Option For Creating A Role For The Private Sector In Agriculture Development?<br />www.studygalaxy.com<br /><br />2. What Is Contract Farming ?<br />ESSENTIALLY<br />The Farmer Is Contracted to Plant the Contractor’s Crop on His Land<br />Harvest and Deliver to the Contractor, a Quantum of Produce, Based Upon Anticipated Yield and Contracted Acreage<br />This Is at a Pre Agreed Price<br />Towards These Ends, the Contractor May or May Not Supply the Farmer With Selected Inputs<br /><br />3. ELEMENTS OF CONTRACT FARMING<br />PRE – AGREED PRICE<br />QUALITY<br />QUANTITY<br />TIME<br /><br />4. What Else Did It Do?<br />Mono-culture,over fertilization &amp; excessive water usage<br />Soil degradation..<br />Singular focus on supported crops discourages diversification.<br />Subsidized exports to liquidate stock creates a further distance between the international market &amp; domestic reality.<br />To succeed in this context contract farming needs to go well beyond its simple definition<br /><br />5. Why Contract Farming ?<br />To reduce the load on the central &amp; state level procurement system.<br />To increase private sector investment in agriculture.<br />To bring about a market focus in terms of crop selection by Indian farmers.<br />To generate a steady source of income at the individual farmer level.<br />To promote processing &amp; value addition.<br />To generate gainful employment in rural communities, particularly for landless agricultural labor.<br />To flatten as far as possible, any seasonality associated with such employment.<br />To reduce migration from rural to urban areas.<br />To promote rural self-reliance in general by pooling locally available resources &amp; expertise to meet new challenges.<br /><br />6. Moving From Food Security To Market Demand<br /><br />7. Moving To A Value Delivery Sequence<br /><br />8. The Advantages Of Contract Farming<br />To The Farmer <br />Exposure To World Class Mechanized Agro Technology.<br />Obtains An Assured Up Front Price &amp; Market Outlet For His Produce.<br />No Requirement To Grade Fruit, As Mandatory For Fresh Market Sale.<br />Bulk Supplies Versus Small Lots As Again Reqd By The Fresh Market. <br />Crop Monitoring On A Regular Basis. Technical Advice, Free Of Cost At His Doorstep.<br />Supplies Of<br />Healthy Disease Free Nursery<br />Agricultural Implements<br />Technical Bulletins Etc<br />Remunerative Returns<br /><br />9. The Advantages Of Contract Farming<br />To The Company:<br />Uninterrupted &amp; Regular Flow Of Raw Material.<br />Protection From Fluctuation In Market Pricing.<br />Long Term Planning Made Possible.<br />Concept Can Be Extended To Other Crops.<br />Builds Long Term Commitment<br />Dedicated Supplier Base<br />Generates Goodwill For The Organization.<br /><br />10. Contract Farming - Industry Related Issues<br />Honoring Contracts - there is no credible enforcement mechanism in place.<br />Small size of land holdings.<br />Need to contract with a larger number of farmers, thereby increasing risk. <br />Lack of a comprehensive crop insurance scheme<br /><br />11. Some Suggestions To Promote Contract Farming<br />Contract farming organizations are allowed to take out realistic &amp; deregulated crop insurance policies.<br />Facilitate import of varieties / hybrids for contract farmers. Growth will be led by productivity enhancement &amp; market focus.<br />Research system synergy with both farmers &amp; private sector<br /><br />12. In Conclusion<br />India, given the diverse agro climatic zones, can be a competitive producer of a large number of crops.<br />Need to convert our factor price advantage into sustainable competitive advantage. <br />Contract farming offers one possible solution.<br /><br />13. Thank You.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8620273630739004474?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-63370609865492752912011-11-30T22:46:00.000-08:002011-11-30T22:46:33.529-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On XML</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20353cvgztng9" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://aryansexport.com/PPT/XML1.PPT">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. Extensible Markup Language<br /><br />2. XML Is A W3C Standard<br />First official XML specification (1.0) published in February 1998.<br />XML is upper version of HTML. <br /><br />3. A method for putting structured data in a text file. Uses tags to specify certain rules. Used with a processing application that knows how to handle tags.<br /><br />4. XML is meta language that describe the content of document<br />Java = portable program<br />XML = portable data<br />XML does not specify the tag set or grammar of the language<br /><br />5. The “X” in XML<br />eXtensible.<br />Tags are defined by the person creating the document.<br />Tag sets have been developed for specialized topics.<br />–Chemistry, math, music, libraries, calendar events, addresses, etc.<br /><br />6. Key Uses Of XML<br />Data storage<br />Data exchange<br />Document publishing<br /><br />7. XML: Data Storage<br />Searching the data is relatively easy.<br />Format is standard.<br />Standard tools for input/output and validation exist.<br />Easy to read files makes debugging easier.<br /><br />8. XML: Data Exchange<br />Data is relatively easy to read and edit with a simple text editor.<br />Complex relationships like trees and inheritance can be communicated.<br />Tags are self-describing, human readable.<br />Automatic data validation.<br /><br />9. XML: Document Display<br />Meaning of tags is handled by XSL.<br />–Instructions for transforming one kind of document to another.<br />–Common transformation is XML to HTML<br />One XML may be linked to multiple XSL files.<br />–Content in one file can be rendered for the Web, print, smart phones, etc.<br />Separation of content from presentation.<br /><br />10. Processing Applications<br />Processing applications<br />–Check that XML document meets standards for being “well formed”.<br />–Validate based on syntax defined in the DTD(Document Type Definition)<br />–Transform based on instructions in the XSL<br /><br />11. Why XML? <br />Four different renderings generated from a single XML file.<br />–Graphical<br />–Text only<br />–Site map<br />–Quick links<br />Link consistency.<br /><br />12. XML Examples<br />VT home page (top level university pages).<br />-One XML file stores all content, links<br />- XSL transforms the XML into HTML<br />Hokie Portal<br />–an XML-based syndication format<br /><br />13. Why Use XML?<br />Allows for distributed content management.<br />Various university departments may “own” RSS channels.<br />Channel owners edit their content directly.<br />Webmaster controls display.<br />Automatic validation of RSS files.<br /><br />14. When You Might Use XML<br />Store and search small amounts of data.<br />Exchange data between different applications or organizations.<br />Separate content from presentation.<br /><br />15. Tools<br />Tool exist for many programming languages.<br />–Java, ASP, PHP<br />XML processing application<br /><br />16. Future Of XML<br />Editors and processing applications that are easier to use.<br />Built in browser support<br />XHTML<br /><br />17. Thank You.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6337060986549275291?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-63860640640522797462011-11-25T21:08:00.000-08:002011-11-25T21:08:10.521-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On NATIONAL POLICY OF EDUCATION,1986</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20307hcd8vtf4" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/harsh%20ppt.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. On independence in 1947, MAULANA AZAD, India's first education minister recommended strong central government control over education throughout the country, with a uniform educational system.<br /><br />2. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi<br />announced the first National Policy on Education in 1968<br />which called for a "radical restructuring" and equalize educational opportunities in order to achieve national integration and greater cultural and economic development.<br /><br />3. NATIONAL POLICY OF EDUCATION,1986<br /><br />4. NPE’86 BACKGROUND (NEED)<br />Problems of access, quality, quantity, utility and financial outlay<br />The general formulation is corporate in the 1968 policy did not get translated into detailed study of implementation.This new policy called for "special emphasis on the removal of disparities and to equalize educational opportunity,"<br /><br />5. SALIENT FEATURES OF NPE’86<br />1) Important role of education.<br />2) National system of education.<br />3) Education for equality.<br />4) Reorganization of education at different levels.<br />5) Making the system work.<br /><br />6. SALIENT FEATURES OF NPE’86 <br />Important role of education<br />All round development<br />Developing Man-Power<br />A unique investment<br /><br />7. National system of education<br />Concept of national system<br />Common educational structure<br />Understanding cultural &amp; social system<br />National support for implementing programs.<br /><br />8. There is a common educational structure(10+2+3) followed all over the country. <br /><br />9. School education 10+2<br />Pre primary (FOR 1 YEAR) Primary (GRADE 1-5)<br />Middle (GRADE 6-8)<br />Secondary (GRADE 9-10)<br />Senior Secondary (GRADE11-12)<br /><br />10. Education for equality.<br />For women<br />For SC &amp; ST<br />For other educationally backward sections &amp; minorities<br />For handicapped<br /><br />11. This policy is especially for Indian women, Scheduled Tribes (ST) and the Scheduled Caste (SC) communities. To achieve these, the policy called for expanding scholarships, adult education, recruiting more teachers from the SCs, incentives for poor families to send their children to school regularly, development of new institutions and providing housing and services<br /><br />12. EDUCATION FOR ALL<br />The current scheme for universalization of Education for All is the SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is one of the largest education initiatives in the world. <br /><br />13. The government is committed to providing education through mainstream schools for children with disabilities.<br />The need for inclusive education arises precisely because it is now well understood that most children with disabilities can, with motivation and effort on the part of teaching institutions, become an integral part of those institutions<br /><br />14. Reorganization of education at different levels<br />Early childhood care &amp; education<br />Primary education<br />Secondary education<br />Vocationalisation of education<br />Higher education<br /><br />15. The Indian government lays great emphasis to primary education up to the age of fourteen years Education has also been made free for children for six to 16 years of age. Private schools shall admit at least 25% of the children in their schools without any fee. <br /><br />16. The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the popular name for school meal programmed in India. It involves provision of lunch free of cost to school-children on all working days with an objective to:<br />increase school enrolment and attendance, improve socialization among children belonging to all castes and addressing malnutrition.<br /><br />17. Role of NPE in Secondary Education<br />The (NPE), 1986, has provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as yoga into the Indian secondary school system <br /><br />18. Making the system work<br />A better deal to teachers with greater accountability<br />Provision of improved student services<br />Provision of better facilities of institutions<br />Creating of a system of performance as per the national level<br /><br />19. Implementation of NPE 1986<br />Operation blackboard<br />Restructuring &amp; reorganization of teacher education<br />Non formal education<br />Vocationalisation of education<br /><br />20. MERITS OF NPE’86<br />1) Deep concern had been shown by the prime minister in<br />formulation of NPE.<br />2) The nation wide debate was conducted for the formulation of<br />the policy.<br />3) The program of action was checked out.<br />4) The ministry of education was renamed as ministry of<br />Human Resource Development (HRD).<br /><br />21. NPE is best policy for the development of education in remote areas especially for SC, ST, Handicapped, backward, minorities and women. Indian govt. introduced it for the development of nation and they got success on large extent. <br />People come closer by the help of education and now just because of this policy India’s education system is third largest system among all nations.<br /><br />22. Thanks a lot</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6386064064052279746?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-11962458611263836522011-11-23T21:03:00.000-08:002011-11-23T21:05:08.634-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Speaker Recognition</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20068ck6fczg6" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/STUDY%20OF%20SPEAKER%20RECOGNITION1.ppt">Download&nbsp;</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. STUDY OF SPEAKER RECOGNITION <br /><br />2. INTRODUCTION<br />Speaker recognition is the process of automatically recognizing who is speaking on the basis of individual information included in the input speech waves. <br /><br />This technique makes it possible to use the speaker’s voice to verify their identity and control access to services such as voice dialing, voice mail, telephone shopping, security control for confidential information areas and many more.<br /><br />3. OBJECTIVE<br />To extract, characterize and recognize the information about speaker identity.<br /><br />It consists of comparing a speech signal from an unknown speaker to a set of stored data of known speakers. The system can recognize the speaker, which has been trained with a number of speakers. This process determines who has spoken by matching input signal with pre- stored samples.<br /><br />4. Principles of Speaker Recognition <br />The human speech contains numerous discriminative features that can be used to identify speakers. Speech contains significant energy from zero frequency up to around 5kHz. The speech signal is a slowly timed varying signal but when examined over a sufficiently short period of time, its characteristics are fairly stationery. Therefore, short-time spectral analysis is the most common way to characterize the speech signal.<br /><br />5. Speaker recognition methods can be divided into<br /><br />text-independent<br />text-dependent<br />In a text-independent system, task is to identify the person who speaks irrespective of what one is saying whereas in text-dependent system , the recognition of the speaker’s identity is based on his or her speaking one or more specific phrases, like passwords, PIN codes, etc. <br />Here we are describing text-independent speaker identification system.<br /><br />6. Speaker recognition is basically identification and verification. <br /><br />Speaker identification is the process of determining which registered speaker provides a given utterance, on the other hand verification is the process of accepting or rejecting the identity claim of a speaker.<br /><br />Speaker recognition systems contain two main modules:<br />Feature extraction<br />Feature matching<br /><br />Feature extraction is the process that extracts a small amount of data from the voice signal that can later be used to represent each speaker.<br />Feature matching involves the actual procedure to identify the unknown speaker by comparing extracted features from his/her voice input with the ones from a set of known speakers.<br /><br />7. All speaker recognition systems have two distinguished phases:<br /><br />Enrollment or training phase<br /><br />It is the process of familiarizing the system with the voice characteristics of the speakers registering so that the system can build reference models for those speakers.<br /><br />Input speech → feature extraction →generate reference model<br /><br />Operational or testing phase<br /><br />Testing is the actual recognition task. In this phase, the input speech is matched with stored reference models and a recognition decision is made.<br /><br />Test speech→ feature extraction → comparison→ decision<br />↑<br />Reference<br /><br />&nbsp;8. Speech Feature extraction<br /><br />&nbsp; It is Signal-processing front end :<br /><br />In this sampled speech signal is converted into set of feature vectors which characterize the properties of speech that can separate different speakers, performed both in training and testing phases.<br /><br />Here, Parametrical representation of speech signal is done using Mel-frequency Ceptrum coefficients(MFCC).<br /><br />MFCC is based on the human peripheral auditory system. This technique uses two types of filters, linearly spaced filters and logarithmically spaced filters to capture the important characteristics of speech. This is expressed in the mel-frequency scale (linear frequency spacing below 1000Hz and a logarithmic spacing above 1000Hz).<br /><br />9. Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients processor<br /><br />The main purpose of the MFCC processor is to mimic the behaviour of the human ear. The input speech signal is sampled and sampling frequency is chosen to minimize the effects of aliasing in the analog to digital conversion.<br /><br />10. Framing<br />In this step the continuous speech signal is blocked into frames of N samples, with adjacent frames being separated by M (M &lt; N). Windowing we window each individual frame so as to minimize the signal discontinuities at the beginning and end of each frame. The concept here is to minimize the spectral distortion by using the window to taper the signal to zero at the beginning and end of each frame. &nbsp; Hamming window is used, which has the form: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) &nbsp; The next processing step is the Fast Fourier Transform, which converts each frame of N samples from the time domain into the frequency domain. The FFT is a fast algorithm to implement the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) <br /><br />11. Mel-frequency Wrapping Human perception of the frequency contents of sounds for speech signals does not follow a linear scale. Thus, for each tone with an actual frequency, f, a subjective pitch is measured on a scale called the ‘mel’ scale.Filter bank has a triangular bandpass frequency response, and the spacing is determined by a constant mel frequency interval. Cepstrum In this final step, we convert the log mel spectrum back to time. The result is called the mel frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC).Because the mel spectrum coefficients (and so their logarithm) are real numbers, we can convert them to the time domain using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). <br /><br />12. Feature matching Vector quantization(VQ)approach is used for its ease of implementation and high accuracy. It is a process of mapping vectors from a large vector space to a finite no. of regions in that space. Each region is called a cluster and can be represented by its centre called codeword. The collection of codeword is called codebook. Codebook effectively reduces the amount of data by preserving the essential information of the original distribution. <br /><br />13. Thank You.</div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1196245861126383652?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-8300512103777612592011-11-23T04:40:00.000-08:002011-11-23T04:41:05.754-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Bokaro Steel Plant</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_20024gtspbfg3" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/FINAL%20WORK.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. AN OVERVIEW OF BOKARO STEEL PLANT<br /><br />2. Introduction<br />BOKARO SAIL is the fourth largest integrated Steel plant (PUBLIC SECTOR) in India.<br />At present it houses five blast furnaces with total capacity to produce 4.5 MT of liquid steel. <br />It manufactures Steel which is an alloy of iron and carbon where the carbon content is 0.2 to 2.5% which depends upon the grade of steel.<br />Melting temperature of iron = 1536 degrees Celsius.<br /><br />3. OBJECTIVE<br />To interact and learn from the experience of trained engineers,supervisors and other organization employees.<br />To differentiate between real working scenario and uncertainties and the text book knowledge and to analyses the gap between the two.<br />To get an insight into the various processes and the sequence of steps in the manufacture of steel and other products.<br />To understand and appreciate the extent of coordination required between various departments for the success of the organization.<br /><br />4. Raw Materials &amp; Material Handling Plant (RMHP)<br />Functions<br />4 Raw Materials<br />Suppliers<br />Process<br />18 Beds<br />Wagon Tiplers<br />Stackers<br />Reclaimers<br /><br />5. Coke Oven &amp; BPP<br />Battery of ovens.<br />Coal is converted into coke in anaerobic conditions at temperature-1250 degrees Celsius.<br />Cars involved for production :-<br />Pusher car.<br />Guiding car.<br />Quenching car.<br />Charging car.<br /><br />6. Sinter Plant<br />Agglomerated mass of iron ore, flux<br />Increases efficiency, reducibility,<br />reduces coke rate<br />Fed into sinter furnace on moving pallets<br />Crushed cooled <br />+5mm crushed sinter sent to BF &amp; rest reused<br /><br />7. Steel melting shops-sms1 &amp; sms2<br />Steel melting- process of removal of impurities like carbon and silicon.<br />Oxygen blowing process.<br />It receives hot metals from blast furnace.<br />Output of sms1 is in ingot form.<br />Output of sms2 is in slab form.<br />From sms2 it goes to continuous casting shop.<br />Molten metal to CCS <br /><br />8. Continuous Casting Shop<br />SRU : refining, composition, temperature<br />Argon purging<br />The main function of Continuous Casting Shop is to produce steel slabs directly from the molten steel coming from SMS-II and sending them to Hot Strip Mill (HSM) for hot rolling.<br /><br />9. Slabbing Mill <br />SMS 1 – Ingot route<br />Ingot rolling<br />Same function as CCS<br />Rolling <br />Shearing<br />Piling<br /><br />10. HOT STRIP MILL<br />Hot rolling- plastic deformation of metal above crystallization temperature by squeezing it between pair of roller.<br />The capacity of HSM=4 MT.<br />HSM has 2000 mm wide strip <br />Mill.<br /><br />11. Electrical repair shop 1 &amp; 2<br />Ac Arc Welding : Only used in the transformers.<br />Carbon Brushes : Repaired in the<br />broker arm.<br /><br />Autotransformers: Used as<br />the current regulators.<br />Motors: <br />Squirrel cage motors.<br />Synchronous motors.<br />Slip ring motors.<br /><br />12. Thank You</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-830051210377761259?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-80802540351298675562011-11-22T21:26:00.000-08:002011-11-22T21:26:03.426-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Mobile Phone Based ON-OFF Device </b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_199704dc48vxv" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DEVICE1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. DEVICE ON-OFF THROUGH MOBILE PHONE EMBEDDED SYSTEM<br /><br />2. INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT <br />INTRODUCTION OF MICROCONTROLLER 8051<br />INTRODUCTION OF DTMF<br />INTRODUCTION OF MAX 232<br />WORK DETAIL<br />RESULT<br />CONCLUSION<br /><br />3. INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT<br />This project is to develop a device that allows for a user to remotely control home appliances using a cellular phone. <br /><br />This system will be a powerful and flexible tool that will offer this service at any time, and from anywhere . <br /><br />The control system will include two separate units: the cellular phone, and the control unit. <br /><br />There will be two operating environments. The cellular phone operates indoor and outdoor and control unit operates indoor.<br /><br />4. INTRODUCTION OF MICROCONTROLLER<br />A microcontroller is an economical computer-on-a-chip.It is a small and low-cost computer ,which performes specific task. <br />Microcontroller has an input device in order to get the input and an output device (such as LED or&nbsp;LCD Display) to exhibit the final process. <br />The 8051 has three very general types of memory to effectively program the 8051 it is On-Chip Memory, External Code Memory, External RAM. <br />A microcontroller has a CPU(a microprocessor) in addition to fixed amount of RAM, ROM, I/O port and a timer all on single chip. therefore the designer cannot add any external memory, I/O ports or timer to it. <br /><br />5. INTRODUCTION OF DTMF<br />The DTMF tone decoder IC converts the received tones to their respective binary values and then gives them as an input to the microcontroller.<br />Its filter section uses switched capacitor technology for both the high and low group filters and for dial tone rejection. Its decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit.<br /><br />6. The DTMF keypad is laid out in 4*4 matrix with each row representing a low frequency and each column representing a high frequency<br />The DTMF tone decoder IC’s internal architecture consists of a band split filter section which separates the low and the high tone of the received tone pair.<br /><br />7. DTMF KEYPAD FREQUENCIES<br /><br />8. INTRODUCTION OF MAX 232<br /><br />The Max 232 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply EIA-232 voltage levels from a single 5V supply. <br /><br />The MAX 232 is to connect a serial port device to a serial port which uses the RS232 standard<br /><br />The serial port device is usually a UART(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter)<br /><br />9. WORK DETAIL<br /><br />This project is to develop a device that allows for a user to remotely control home appliances using a cellular phone. <br /><br />The system requires two phones out of which the one present at the control unit has to be a cell phone with auto answer facility.<br /><br />The person who wants to switch on/off any device makes a call from mobile phone.<br /><br />Once the call gets picked up, presses the key for a corresponding device.<br /><br />The mobile phone on the receiver side picks up the phone automatically after 5seconds, and then makes the tones available to the DTMF tone decoder IC through the headphone jack of the phone.<br /><br />10. The DTMF tone decoder IC converts the received tones to their respective binary values and then gives them as an input to the microcontroller.<br /><br />DTMF verifies both the frequency and duration of the received tones and pass the resultant 4-bit code to the output bus.<br /><br />The output from DTMF IC is given into the MICROCONTROLLER 8051.<br /><br />11. RESULT &amp; CONCLUSION<br />We have successfully completed the project “DEVICE ON OFF THROUGH MOBILE PHONE”<br />This project is very useful now a days as well as its cost is very low, so anyone can afford it and use it.<br /><br />12. Thank You.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8080254035129867556?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-79263192960115096422011-11-22T21:09:00.000-08:002011-11-22T21:10:23.669-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Designer Babies</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19915f88wh7gc" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DESIGNER%20BABIES%20PPT%20FINAL%282%29.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. CREATING NEW WORLD USING BIOTECHNOLOGY<br /><br />2. The colloquial term "designer baby" refers to a baby whose genetic makeup has been artificially selected by genetic engineering combined with in vitro fertilization to ensure the presence or absence of particular genes or characteristics. The term is derived by comparison with "designer clothing". <br /><br />3. Designer babies Since the discovery of DNA in the late 1950's, the possibility of genetic modification of animals and plants has become a reality. The term designer baby refers to the genetic modification of the child in it's early fetal life. The world of genetic modification has long moved on from the days of Dolly the Sheep.<br /><br />4. parents will be able to select or design desired traits for their children. Boy or girl? Blond or brunette? Blue eyes or brown? <br /><br />5. moms and dads pick whether junior has blue or brown eyes or black or blond hair. some known genetic markers do correlate with a probability of hair, eye and skin color, <br /><br />6. "Our goal in offering (embryo screening) to couples at risk is to increase the likelihood that they can achieve their dream of having a healthy baby, free from a catastrophic genetic disease<br /><br />7. Inherited Genetic Disorders<br />Tay-Sachs disease<br />Sickle-cell anemia<br />Cystic fibrosis<br />Hemophilia<br />Huntington’s Disease<br />Down’s Syndrome<br /><br />8. Artificial Reproductive Technology <br />In vitro fertilisation<br />Louise Brown 25 July 1978<br /><br />9. Reproductive Technology<br /><br />10. What should we test for?<br />Genetic disorder 700 inherited conditions 344 test clinically available 211 prenatal tests offered<br />Traits<br />Gender<br /><br />11. Embryo Selection is a relatively simple process. An ovarian biopsy can yield many eggs which can be fertilized in vitro with the partner’s sperm. The cells can be grown in culture, and at the eight cell stage, one of the cells can be removed for diagnosis. <br /><br />12. How is it done?<br />The removal of one cell allows DNA tests to be performed on the embryo. The embryo with the desired trait can then be selected. <br />The final step is implanting the embryo into the uterus, and letting the pregnancy continue to term. <br />This process is called in vitro fertilization. <br /><br />13. Invitro Fertilization (IVF) &amp; Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) <br /><br />14. What is IVF?<br />Use of artificial techniques to join an ovum with sperm outside (in vitro) woman's body to help infertile couples to have a children of their own. The basic technique of IVF involves removing ova from a woman's ovaries, fertilising them in the laboratory, and then inserting them into her uterus. <br />The first ‘test-tube baby’, Mary Louise Brown, was born in England in 1978.<br /><br />15. Process of IVF<br />Hyper ovulation<br />Egg Retrieval<br />Artificial Insemination <br />Embryo Transfer<br /><br />16. The embryos with faulty genes are discarded and only healthy ones are implanted in the mother's womb. The technique involves fertilizing eggs in a laboratory. When the embryos are three days old, scientists take out a cell from it and analyze it. If they find that the cell has an abnormal chromosome, the embryo is discarded as it will lead to babies with genetic defects <br /><br />17. Viable and Desirable?<br />“This information is helping parents choose which embryos they want--and which to reject as unhealthy, or merely undesirable.” <br /><br />18. Pre-implantation Genetic Testing<br />in vitro fertilization (IVF) Allow fertilized cells to divide until 8 cells – 3 days<br />Remove single cell for diagnosis within 15 hours Decide whether or not to implant<br /><br />19. What is PGD? <br />Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. A procedure to analyze the genetic makeup of an embryo before it is implanted. The purpose is to identify disorders and genetically inherited diseases (Downs Syndrome, hemophilia, etc) as well as identify the gender.<br /><br />20. Why Should I have PGD done?<br /><br />Some of the most common reasons for having the PGD procedure are:<br /><br />Three or more miscarriages in early pregnancy More than two unsuccessful IVF treatments Family Balancing If scientists are aware of the sex of an embryo while it remains still in their care, measures can be taken to assure that only embryos of a selected gender are returned to the womb for the possible establishment of pregnancy. While in vitro fertilization with PGD is only one of the methods for sex predetermination offered by our Center, it is the only procedure where success rates&nbsp;are higher than 99.9%.<br /><br />21. preimplantation genetic diagnosis<br />PGD also known as embryo screening refers to procedures that are performed on embryos prior to implantation, sometimes even on oocytes prior to fertilization. <br />PGD is considered another way to prenatal diagnosis. <br />Its main advantage is that it avoids selective pregnancy termination as the method makes it highly likely that the baby will be free of the disease under consideration. <br /><br />22. PGD<br />In the first group PGD is used to look for a specific disorder in couples with a high risk of transmitting an inherited condition. <br />This can be a monogenic disorder, meaning the condition is due to a single gene only, (autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant or X-linked disorders) or a chromosomal structural aberration (such as a balanced translocation). <br /><br />23. PGD helps these couples identify embryos carrying a genetic disease or a chromosome abnormality, thus avoiding the difficult choice of abortion. In addition, there are infertile couples who carry an inherited condition and who opt for PGD as it can be easily combined with their IVF treatment<br /><br />24. To be tested and prevented as well<br />Deafness, Shortness in height, learning disabilities?<br />Gender<br />“Gay Gene<br /><br />25. Specific disorders <br />PGD is available for a large number of monogenic disorders. The most frequently diagnosed autosomal recessive disorders are cystic fibrosis, Beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease and spinal muscular atrophy type 1.<br />The most common dominant diseases are myotonic dystrophy, Huntington's disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; and in the case of the X-linked diseases, most of the cycles are performed for fragile X syndrome, haemophilia A and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.<br /><br />26. Embryo Screening with PGD <br />Recent advances in the fields of genetics, genetic diagnosis, embryo biopsy and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) have opened up a new world of opportunity for couples interested in achieving a healthy pregnancy. <br /><br />27. Genetic testing performed prior to embryo transfer<br /><br />28. Biotechnology Issues<br />1. In Vitro Fertilisation (ART)<br />2. Human Cloning<br />3. Therapeutic Tissue Cloning <br />(Stem Cells)<br />4. Preimplantation Diagnosis<br />5. Sex Selection<br />6. Designer babies<br /><br />29. Genetic testing for disease<br />&nbsp;1. Sample Cells from human<br />2.DNA extracted from the Cells<br />3.DNA Cut Into Double Stranded Fragments<br />4.Gel Electrophoresis of DNA Fragments<br />&nbsp;5.Shorter DNA Pieces have Travelled Further through Gel than Longer Ones<br /><br />30. The birth of the first British baby genetically screened before conception to be free of a breast cancer gene of creating so-called designer babies<br /><br />31. In the future, the ability to identify many more genes for different neurological, psychiatric, and behavioral traits and disorders before uterine implantation may present opportunities for parents to "design" their children, selecting in or out the desired physical, intellectual, and temperament traits they desire. <br /><br />32. selecting the child's genetic make-up based on parental preferences is the right decision.<br />It is possible that the world into which these designed children grow changes its values, leaving these genetically-designed children at a new disadvantage. Parents who have a socially undesirable trait, like deafness, may choose to reify their own existence by not sparing their children this trait, or even selecting for it, but the children may grow to resent their parents for it, wanting to be more like the norm.<br />Other children may be "designed" to be genetically similar at the HLA locus to a sibling with a condition that can be "cured" with a bone marrow transplant.. <br /><br />33. HLA Tissue Typing Savior Siblings<br />Zain Hashmi <br />Beta thalassaemia<br /><br />34. HLA Tissue Typing Saviour Siblings<br />Molly and Adam Nash <br />Fanconi Anaemia<br /><br />35. HLA Tissue Typing Saviour Siblings<br />Charlie Whitaker<br />Diamond Blackfan Anaemia<br /><br />36. First "designer baby" born free of breast cancer genetic risk <br />‘BRCA1-free’ birth to designer&nbsp;babies”<br /><br />37. Her parents had undergone a form of in vitro fertilisation (IVF), which meant that, unlike the father’s family, the baby was free of a breast cancer-causing mutation that had plagued the women of his family for generations <br /><br />38. Every woman across three generations of the father’s family had previously been diagnosed with aggressive breast cancer, many in their 20s. Tests had shown that the family carried a faulty copy of the BRCA1 ‘high-risk’ breast cancer gene.<br /><br />39. Although BRCA1 mutations are rare in the population as a whole, between five and eight out of ten carriers of this gene fault will go on to develop breast cancer, often at a young age (compared to an overall risk of one-in-nine of the general population). And, as is often the case with early-onset breast cancer, BRCA1 tumours will often be extremely aggressive.<br />So the couple took the decision to use the latest technology to ensure that their baby didn’t carry the BRCA1 fault <br /><br />40. Beating eye cancer <br />Retinoblastoma accounts for 11 per cent of all cancers that develop in the first year of life. In almost half of cases, it is caused by an inherited mutation in a gene called RB1. Parents with this defective gene have a 50 per cent chance of passing it on to a child, and it causes tumours in 90 per cent of those who inherit it. The mutation also raises the lifetime risk of suffering other cancers from a third to more than half <br /><br />41. The eye cancer retinoblastoma, seen above in a young boy, affects about 1 in 15,000 children. About half the cases are hereditary, and those who inherit the defective gene have a 90 per cent chance of developing cancer. Up to 95 per cent of tumours detected early can be treated, but this requires chemotherapy and surgery that can cause blindness. <br /><br />42. Arguments for creating designer babies<br />Some couples are not able to have children because their children will have a genetic disease and die before they are born or when they are very young. Techniques used to change the genetic make-up of the embryo allow these parents to have a child.<br />If we want the best for our children why shouldn't we design our own babies? Using genetic techniques we can help prevent certain genetic diseases. This both saves the children from suffering and reduces the cost and emotional strain of looking after an ill child.<br />In a few cases where parents have had one child with a serious blood disease, they have used IVF to select embryos so that they can have a second child that can act as a future, tailor-made blood or bone marrow donor. <br />In these cases when the child is born he or she will be healthy and can help their older brother or sister stay well<br /><br />43. Arguments against creating designer babies<br /><br />In these cases, parents and doctors are creating a child to act as an organ-donating factory. The child may feel that they were only born to be a help to their older brother or sister. Children should be loved and cherished for themselves and not what they can do for others. <br /><br />These genetic techniques are very expensive. Why should only rich people be able to eradicate genetic diseases? This could lead to imbalances between rich and poor people. <br /><br />We could get carried away 'correcting' perfectly healthy babies. Once we start to eliminate embryos because they have the gene for a disease, what is to stop us from picking babies for their physical or psychological traits <br /><br />44. Thanks.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7926319296011509642?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-76420937765266296052011-11-21T04:48:00.000-08:002011-11-21T04:49:53.702-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Fashion Marketing</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19864pz8qzvcb" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Fashion%20Marketing.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. FASHION<br /><br />2. FASHION MARKETING:<br />FASHION MARKETING IS A PROFESSION THAT TAKES THE LATEST TRENDS AND DESIGNS IN CLOTHING AND COMMUNICATES THEM TO A TARGET MARKET IN SUCH A WAY THAT THE CONSUMER <br />IS NOT ONLY AWARE OF THE PRODUCT, BUT WANTS TO AND ULTIMATELY DOES BUY THE PRODUCT.<br /><br />3. FASHION IN INDIA: INDIA TAKES ON THE WORLD<br /><br />4. CHANGING FACE OF INDIAN FASHION<br />Emergence of mall culture<br />Boutiques <br />Fashion on the ramp<br />Beauty pageants <br />Budding designers<br /><br />5. INDIAN FASHION TAKES ON THE WORLD! <br />Indian apparel exports (US$)<br /><br />2000 5342.8 million<br />2008 6086.4 million <br />Lists of indian fashion shows:<br />India Fashion Week<br />Seasons India :: Indian Fashion Shows<br />Lakme India Fashion Week<br />Wills Lifestyle India Fashion Week .<br /><br />6. INDIAN FASHION TAKES ON THE WORLD! <br />IN COMPARISON TO INTERNATIONAL BRANDS<br />INDIAN DESIGNERS ARE STEPPING UP TO THE WORLD STAGE<br />NOWHERE ON THE GLOBAL SCENE<br /><br />7. WHY IT ALWAYS A “BUT”………………<br />NO SUPPORT FROM INDIAN CORPORATE HOUSES.<br />WE DON’T HAVE INDIAN DESIGNERS ON THE WESTERN FRONT.<br />FASHION HAS BEEN CONTAGIOUS.<br />WE ARE TOO ETHNIC.<br /><br />8. CONCLUSION:<br />Indian fashion industry has come at par with international standards. It has become one of the most happening and revenue generating industry of India. The people like to dress in style which is accepted globally. </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7642093776526629605?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-77023498556937365742011-11-19T02:57:00.000-08:002011-11-19T02:57:15.998-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On WORLD ISLANDS</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19852f9rwzchf" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/World%20Island1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. WORLD ISLANDS<br />The World&nbsp;or&nbsp;World Islands&nbsp;is an&nbsp;artificial archipelago&nbsp;of various small&nbsp;islands&nbsp;constructed in the rough shape of a&nbsp;world map.It is located 4&nbsp; kilometeres (2.5 mi) off the coast of&nbsp; Dubai, United Arab Emirates.<br /><br />2. The World islands are composed mainly of sand&nbsp;dredged&nbsp;from Dubai's shallow coastal waters, and are one of several artificial island&nbsp;developments in Dubai.<br /><br />3. The World's developer is&nbsp;Nakheel Properties, and the project was originally conceived by&nbsp;Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai.<br /><br />4. As of 2010, only a single island has any building on it, which is a show home - all the other projects having been cancelled or delayed due to the&nbsp;2008 financial crisis.<br /><br />5. PROJECT:<br />Islands in the archipelago range from 14,000 to 42,000 square meters (150,000 to 450,000 sq&nbsp;ft) in area.<br />Distances between islands average 100&nbsp;meters (330 ft); they are constructed from 321 million cubic meters of sand and 31 million tons of rock.<br />The entire development is an area that covers 6 by 9 kilometers (3.7 by 5.6 mi) and is surrounded by an oval-shaped&nbsp;breakwater&nbsp;island. Roughly 232&nbsp;km (144 mi) of shoreline was created.<br />The World's overall development costs were estimated at $14 billion&nbsp;USD&nbsp;in 2005.<br /><br />6. THANK YOU<br />RAKTIM DEBNATH</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7702349855693736574?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-704183426788138502011-11-19T02:49:00.000-08:002011-11-19T02:49:29.718-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Chandigarh sector 8D market</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19827z6nk9td5" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Chandigarh%20sector%208D%20market.pptx">Download </a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-70418342678813850?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-10223610593035462342011-11-18T18:24:00.000-08:002011-11-18T18:24:21.710-08:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On DYNAMIC ARCHITECTURE</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19790f9v4r5cm" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DYNAMIC%20ARCHITECTURE.pptx">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1. DYNAMIC ARCHITECTURE<br />Dynamic Tower or Da Vinci Tower, Dubai<br /><br />2. The tower is expected to be architecturally innovative for several reasons:<br />Uniquely, each floor will be able to&nbsp;rotate independently.This will result in a constantly changing shape of the tower.Each floor will rotate a maximum of 6&nbsp;meters (20 ft) per minute, or one full rotation in 90 minutes.<br /><br />3. DYNAMIC ARCHITECTURE<br />It will also be the world's first&nbsp;prefabricated&nbsp;skyscraper&nbsp;with 40 factory-built modules for each floor.90% of the tower will be built in a factory and shipped to the construction site.This will allow the entire building to be built in only 22 months.The total construction time will be over 30% less than a normal skyscraper of the same size.The majority of the workers will be in factories, where it will be much safer.The only part of the tower that will be built at the construction site will be the core.The core will serve each floor with a special, patented connection for clean water, based on technology used to refuel airplanes in mid-flight.<br /><br />4. The entire tower will be powered from&nbsp;wind turbines&nbsp;and&nbsp;solar panels. <br />Enough surplus&nbsp;electricity should be produced to power five other similar sized buildings in the vicinity.The turbines will be located between each of the rotating floors.They could generate up to 1,200,000 kilowatt-hours of energy. The solar panels will be located on the roof and the top of each floor.<br /><br />5. In 2008, the designer of the Dynamic Tower said that he expected it to be completed in 2010.Due to the global financial crisis, delays in acquiring land in Dubai, and patent issues, in 2009 Fisher claimed to finish construction late 2011.<br />However, construction has not started yet, and there has been no official announcement of the building site. Fisher did not "say where the tower would be built, [...] because he wanted to keep it a surprise."<br /><br />6. THANK YOU<br />RAKTIM DEBNATH</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1022361059303546234?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-32824114938797777472011-11-05T09:14:00.000-07:002011-11-05T09:14:39.413-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Nuclear Pollution and Waste PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19749frjr8gfr" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/NP%20POLLUTIONppt.pptx">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1.Radio activity and Its Biological Effects<br /><br />2.Topics to be discussed<br />Radiation<br />Radio active waste<br />Biological effects<br />On animals<br />On plants<br />On humans <br />Preventive measures of radiation<br /><br />3.What is Radiation? <br />“Invisible energy waves or particles”<br />What is Radioactivity?<br />The radioactivity is the property of some atoms to spontaneously give off energy as particles or rays. The atoms that make up the radioactive materials are the source of radiation.<br /><br />4.Nuclear Pollution and Waste<br /><br />5.INTRODUCTION<br />Radioactive waste is a material deemed no longer useful that has been contaminated by or contains radio nuclides. <br />Radio nuclides are unstable atoms of an element that decay, or disintegrate spontaneously, emitting energy in the form of radiation.<br />Releases of radio nuclides to the surrounding environment in liquid and gaseous forms.<br /><br />6.Ionizing and Non-ionizing radiation?<br />Radiation carries a range of energy forming an electromagnetic spectrum. <br /><br />Radiation that does not have enough energy to break chemical bonds but can vibrate atom is referred to as “Non-ionizing Radiations” e.g. radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light etc.<br /><br />Radiation that has enough energy to break chemical bonds is referred to as 'ionizing radiation, e.g. alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays etc.<br /><br />7.The potential biological effects and damages caused by radiation depend on the conditions of the radiation exposure.<br /><br />It is determined by:<br />quality of radiation <br />quantity of radiation <br />received dose of radiation <br />exposure conditions (spatial distribution) <br />Particles with high energy loss effects cause typically greater damage.<br /><br />Radiation can cause immediate effects (radiation sickness), but also long term effects which may occur many years (cancer) or several generations later (genetic effects).<br /><br />Biological effects of radiation result from both direct and indirect action of radiation.<br /><br />8.Effects on Plants<br />Green plants are extremely sensitive to gamma rays.<br />Higher plants have more radio sensitivity than lower plants.<br />Plants response varies according to age, growth stage, plant species, chromosome volume and level of radiation.<br />Degree of damage 8 intensity and duration of exposure of radiation.<br /><br />9.Causes<br />Changes in morphological, cellular and genetic levels.<br />Alterations in plant’s vascular system, water transportation and other functions also affected.<br />More causes are<br />Retarded growth, decreased percent germination.<br />Gigantism, dwarfism, curly and misshaped leaves.<br />Negative effects on Seeds.<br /><br />10.Radiation gives positive results also.. <br />In crop improvement protocols<br />High disease resistance, vigor and high productivity.<br />But high dosage may kill the plants..<br />It mutate the DNA even in room temperature.<br />In a food chain, radiation may affect primary and secondary consumers also.<br /><br />11.Effects on Animals..<br />It may include tumor, dry, itchy skin, hair loss and discoloration of the skin around the tumor site.<br />In addition, these particular tumors often release a disagreeable odor as the cancerous cells die.<br />More serious side effects may include some nerve damage and either the death or hardening (called fibrosis) of healthy tissue.<br /><br />12.Effects on Humans…<br />Initial signs include,<br />Nausea, vomiting, headache , some loss of white blood cells<br />Doses of 300 rems or more cause temporary hair loss, but also more significant internal harm, including damage to nerve cells and the cells that line the digestive tract. <br />Besides the symptoms, these people also suffer from fever and diarrhea. If no effective treatment is given, death occurs within two to fourteen days.<br /><br />13.For survivors, diseases such as leukemia, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, and cancers of other organs can appear due to the radiation received.<br />But Exposure to ionizing radiation does not necessarily cause cancer <br /><br />14.Effects on Humans…<br />Because man's body contains a lot of water, gamma rays traverse through water (H2O) molecules. Ionization of water usually results in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). These molecules can attack a bio molecule and 'denature' (= kill) it.<br />Radioactive lead, retains the ability to cause brain damage and plutonium clumps on the surface of bone, delivering a concentrated dose of alpha radiation to surrounding cells.<br />It also affects thyroid glands .<br />It causes the person to have increased pulse rate, nervousness, excitability, loss of body weight and, in females, more frequent c. <br />If radioactive iodine (I 131 or I 129) is ingested with food it will enter the blood and tend to accumulate in the thyroid.<br />A small amount of radioactive iodine would probably kill only a few cells and have little or no noticeable effect on health.<br /><br />15.Preventive measures and considerations<br />Site selection for nuclear power plants should be carefully made to avoid, or minimize to the extent possible, most of those impacts.<br />The safe management of radioactive waste is necessary to protect public health.<br />If handled improperly, potential exposures of humans to high-level radioactive waste can be dangerous, even deadly.<br /><br />16.Things To follow<br />Regulation of Radiation Usage<br />Proper disposal<br />Minimizing the usage<br />Wearing protective clothes<br />Control on these in radiated area..<br />Inhalation<br />Absorption<br />Injection without sterilization<br /><br />17.Conclusion<br />For Radiation, like other aspects of nuclear science, can be both destructive and beneficial.<br />The intelligent use of radiation for the treatment of cancer, medical diagnosis, food preservation, and other useful applications requires an informed public. <br />Likewise, the solutions to the storage of nuclear waste also necessitate public understanding of the effects of nuclear radiation.<br /><br />18.Thank You.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3282411493879777747?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-17238189621852013882011-10-31T09:35:00.000-07:002011-10-31T09:35:33.558-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>US Farm Data Training</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19744dkf9rmgq" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/US%20Farm%20Data%20training%20May111.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description</b></div>1.US Farm Data <br />The world’s most complete Agriculture database<br /><br />2.He’s more than just Agricultural.<br /><br />3.2.1 Million Farmers and Ranchers<br />The goal of US Farm Data is not to be the biggest agricultural database … but the best!<br />Using various levels of government, from national to local and county level as a backbone, US Farm Data has an aggregate master file over 12 million farm detail records.<br />A very structured build process yields a net of 2.1 million active farms and ranches. US Farm Data appends a unique Record ID to every producer to create a linkage database, provide historical information and to ensure accuracy going forward. <br /><br />4.Who uses the file?<br />Agriculture and Agri-Buisness<br />Publishing<br />Search Engines<br />Catalogs<br />Financial Services<br />Fund Raisers<br />Consumer Products<br />Government<br />Political<br /><br />Business Services<br />Residential Services<br />Retail <br />Investments<br />Travel<br />Entertainment<br />Advertising agencies<br />Telecommunications<br />Hobby Farmers<br /><br />5.It’s More Than Just Agriculture!<br /><br />6.A whole new source!<br />How many of you have customers that are always looking for new records?<br />80% of our records are NOT in your Business file.<br />12% of our records are NOT in your Consumer file.<br />100% of our file is Rural, outside of city limits<br />Accurate data – Income/Revenue - Lifestyle<br /><br />It’s finding a new source for your clients<br />7.Email Campaigns<br />Double opt-in<br />White listed<br />Great for informational and surveys<br />Every client is looking for a new niche<br />Sort by Farmographic or Demographic<br /><br />8.Questions you may get…<br />Where do you get your data?<br />What is Owner vs Operator?<br />How many strawberry farmers in Minnesota?<br />What is an entity code?<br />What is your deliverability rate?<br />Do you have farms in Canada?<br /><br />9.Why should I sell this file?<br />Price<br />Margin business is through the roof!<br />Agricultural is a hidden gem. <br />Agricultural/Medicine/Energy<br />Specialized file<br /><br />10.You Can Count on Us for Support<br />Request counts by phone or email.<br />Phone Count requests can be done while you wait!<br />On-line counts are available if you prefer.<br /><br />After count is accepted, email PO, reference Count ID, to US Farm Data.<br />You will receive a confirmation that will require an approval signature.<br />Upon receipt of signed confirmation at US Farm Data, order is delivered via email. <br /><br />11.Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1723818962185201388?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-29211524530110080362011-10-21T03:11:00.000-07:002011-10-21T03:11:52.262-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Secrets To Buying Thailand Condominiums</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19732fz3xttf6" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Secrets%20To%20Buying%20Thailand%20Condominiums%20By%20Jay1%281%29.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1.How to buy a condo or apartment in Thailand.<br />2.One question we are constantly asked is if you have to obtain permission from the government before purchasing property ?<br />Answer: No <br />3.To buy a condo or apartment in Thailand is very simple if you're a non-Thai. Most projects have a 51%-49% ownership rule. If the Building is over 51% Thai owned, a foreigner can purchase and own the condo or apartment freehold. <br />4.If not, you must purchase the apartment as a 30 year lease. Check with the local land office before you purchase if you are unsure about the title deed. <br />5.Buying direct from the developer has several advantages: you will get to see a range of properties in Thailand that suit your requirements; you have the benefit of many years experience, as well as a English speaking office to support you in your home country; it may help eliminate any possible misunderstandings; and it helps takes away the stress associated with purchasing in Thailand or abroad. <br />Transactions and payments are simply made by wiring from you home bank account. It's always better to let the Thai banks convert your money in Thailand then to let you home bank to convert it to Baht before you wire. This tip along can save you thousands of dollars when you go to wire a large amount. <br />Some developers can "lock in" a rate for you before you wire. Make sure you can communicate with your agent by MSN chat, Skype or text message in case you have any last minute questions while at the bank.<br />The Thai currency system is based on the decimal system. One That Baht is divided into 100 satangs. Coins range in value from ten baht to 25 satangs and six bank notes are in circulation: 10, 20, 50,100,500 and 1000. Always keep lots of small bills as it's a big jump between 100 baht and 500 or a 1000. Most street vendors and taxis can't make change for 1000 baht.<br />6.Personal effects, household goods and furniture may be imported duty free. There is very high duty on importing a car. I believe with the hassle of dealing with Thai customs it's better to buy what you need inside of Thailand and leave most of your personal effects at home.<br />7.Find out monthly secrets to Buying in Thailand apartments and properties. Subscribe to our monthly newsletter and get free tips and tricks of the trade. Some tips alone can save you thousands of dollars on your purchase.<br />8.Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2921152453011008036?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-91175027921130592482011-10-16T23:43:00.000-07:002011-10-16T23:44:46.490-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Climate Change</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19678dx4xnfck" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/climate%20change%20livestock1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>1.IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LIVESTOCK AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES<br /><br />2. Climate<br />Specific atmospheric trend and pattern of particular place determined by the interaction of Atmospheric elements<br /><br />3. Climate Change<br />Climate change is a phenomenon due to emissions of greenhouse gases from fuel combustion, deforestation, urbanization and industrialization (Upreti, 1999) resulting variations in solar energy, temperature and precipitation.<br /><br />4.Livestock : GHG emissions<br />Livestock  18 % of GHGs<br />The enteric fermentation of animals, <br />Manure (waste products), <br />Production of feed and forage (Dourmad et al., 2008). <br />Indirect sources : changes in land use and deforestation to create pasture land.<br /><br />5.Climate change will have major impact on the people who depend on livestock for their livelihoods (Thornton et al., 2002). <br /><br />6. Climate Change and its Impacts in Nepal <br />Approximately 0.06 degrees Celsius per year. <br />Temperature in the Himalayas is increasing at a faster rate.<br />The Rika Samba Glacier in the Dhaulagiri region is retreating at a rate of 10m per year. <br />The AX010 Glacier of Shorong Himal will be extinct by 2060 if the current trend continues. <br />More than 40 Himalayan glacial lakes are dangerously closed to bursting (UNEP).<br />Rapidly melting glaciers means more seasonal variation in river flow water shortage, frequent floods and draughts in the country. <br /><br />7.Direct And Indirect Impacts On Livestock And Livestock Systems<br />Feeds: quantity and quality<br />Herbage growth and quality<br />Changes in composition of pasture<br />Changing concentration <br />of water soluble carbohydrates <br />and N at given dry matter yields<br />Lignifications of plant tissues <br /><br />8.B. Heat stress : <br />Feed intake, mortality, growth, reproduction, maintenance and production<br />Increased energy deficits<br /><br />C. Water : <br />Water scarcity<br />Not only will affect livestock drinking water sources, but it will also have a bearing on livestock feed production systems and pasture yield (Thornton et al., 2008)<br /><br />9.D. Livestock diseases and disease vectors <br />Vector-borne diseases could be affected by:<br />(i) Expansion of vector populations into more temperate zones (such as livestock tick-borne diseases in higher altitude areas).<br />(ii) Changes in rainfall pattern during wetter years, which could also lead to expanding vector populations and large-scale outbreaks of disease.<br /><br />10.Livestock disease<br />Helminthes infections.<br />Trypanotolerance- could be lost.<br />Distribution and impact of malaria in many systems.<br />Schistosomiasis and lymphatic filariasis in irrigated systems. <br />Heat-related mortality and morbidity could increase (Thornton et al., 2008).<br /><br />11.E. Biodiversity<br />A 2.5° C rise in global temperature <br />high risk of extinction. <br />Local and rare breeds could be lost<br /><br />12.Livestock Adaptation strategies<br />Breeding strategies<br />Identifying and strengthening local breeds<br />Adapted to local climatic stress and feed sources <br />Heat tolerant breeds<br />Disease tolerant breeds<br />Improving local genetics<br />Cross-breeding<br /><br />13.Livestock management systems <br />Shade and water to reduce heat stress.<br />Reduction of livestock numbers – a lower number of more productive animals leads to more efficient production and lower GHG emissions from livestock production (Batima, 2007).<br />Changes in herd composition (selection of large animals rather than small)<br />Improved management of water resources (e.g. drip and sprinkler irrigation, store rainwater).<br /><br />14.Mitigation of livestock GHG emissions<br />Higher concentrate in the diet  lower the emission of CH4.<br />Management of animal waste products (covered storage facilities).<br />Pasture grazing through rotational grazing.<br />Management of feed crop production. <br />Selection of faster growing breeds.<br />Lowering livestock production and consumption<br /><br />15.Take-home messages<br />Participatory approaches to sustainable management of natural resources<br />Community involvement in adaptation strategies<br />Financial incentives<br />Risk management mechanisms<br />Awareness and education<br />Mitigation strategies<br />Innovation, research and technology development<br />Indigenous knowledge<br /><br />16.References<br />Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (CGRFA). 2007. The state of the world animal genetic resources for food and agriculture. FAO, Rome, 523 pp.<br />Dourmad, J., Rigolot, C., and Hayo van der Werf, 2008. Emission of Greenhouse Gas: Developing management and animal farming systems to assist mitigation. Livestock and Global Change conference proceeding. May 2008, Tunisia. <br />FAO, 2008b. Climate-related Transboundary Pests and Diseases Including Relevant Aquatic Species. Expert meeting,<br /><br />FAO. 2007b. Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries: perspective, framework and priorities. FAO, Rome.<br />Hahn, G.L. 1999. Dunamic Responses of cattle to thermal heat loads. Journal of Animal Science. Vol.77, 10-20. <br />Hoffmann, I. 2008. Livestock Genetic Diversity and Climate Change Adaptation. Livestock and Global Change conference proceeding. May 2008, Tunisia.<br />Sidahmed, A. 2008. Livestock and Climate Change: Coping and Risk Management Strategies for a Sustainable Future. In Livestock and Global Climate Change conference proceeding, May 2008, Tunisia.<br />Thornton P., Herrero M., Freeman A., Mwai O., Rege E., Jones P., and McDermott J., 2008. “Vulnerability, Climate Change and Livestock – Research Opportunities and Challenges for Poverty Alleviation”. ILRI, Kenya.<br /><br />17.Thank you<br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-9117502792113059248?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-13601602054369116562011-10-08T00:27:00.000-07:002011-10-08T00:27:33.718-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Aakash Tablet – World’s Cheapest Tab</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19674g6d7kggt" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/aakash%20tab.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-of-computer.html">Computer Engineering PPTs </a><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1360160205436911656?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-71759492811096887362011-10-05T22:48:00.000-07:002011-10-05T22:48:39.572-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Steve Jobs</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19646fv7bn6hf" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Jobs.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bill-gates.html">Bill Gates</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-elbert.html">Albert Einstein</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-worlds-most.html">World Need Leaders</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />Steven Paul Jobs<br />Born in 1955 in Green Bay, Wisconsin<br />Adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs to live in Santa Clara, California<br />Graduated high school in Cupertino, California<br /><br />Education<br />Jobs went to Reed College in Portland Oregon<br />He studied Poetry, Literature, and Physics<br />After one semester, Jobs dropped out of school, but still attended some classes<br /><br />Steves<br />Jobs met Steve Wozniak shortly after they both left school while working for Hewlett-Packard<br />“Woz” was an incredibly talented engineer, especially in electronic gadgets<br />While developing a “blue box” device, Jobs convinced Woz to sell it to Berkeley students.<br /><br />The Beginnings of Apple<br />After spending time in India in 1974, Jobs returned to America<br />He visited with Woz the homebrew computer club, but was not content with just the creation of electronics.<br />Jobs convinced Woz to help him create a personal computer, the Apple I<br />Jobs, with marketing help from a friend, had the vision of creating a computer company that would make and sell pc’s.<br />After showing the Apple I to in town computer stores, Jobs was able to sell 25.<br />After selling his Volkswagon mini-bus, and asking Woz to sell his scientific calculator, the two raised enough money to create Apple Computers.<br /><br />Apple<br />Jobs and Woz sold the Apple I in 1976 for $666, making over $776,000 from sales<br />In 1977, the two released the Apple II, a single board computer with onboard ROM and a color video interface.<br /><br />Positive Growth<br />From 1977 to 1983, Apple continued to grow exponentially.<br />In 1981, IBM finally entered the personal computer market, and in just two years began to outsell Apple.<br />After the failure of the Apple III and Lisa, Jobs needed a new computer that could compete with the IBM PC.<br /><br />The Macintosh<br />In 1984, Apple released the Macintosh, the first personal computer with a graphical user interface.<br />It had 128K of memory, and was expandable.<br />Along with the mouse, the Macintosh was the most revolutionary computer made up to that point.<br /><br />Microsoft and John Sculley<br />In 1985, Bill Gates convinced Jobs to license the graphical user interface in the Macintosh to create Windows, which could run on IBM PC’s.<br />As sales of the Macintosh took off, CEO John Sculley thought that Jobs was hurting Apple’s success, and gradually forced Jobs to leave.<br /><br />NeXT<br />Jobs project in the late 1980’s to mid 90’s was NextStep<br />A new computer company based on an object oriented software platform, NeXT failed first as a hardware company, then as a software company<br />Apple similarly did very poorly in the early and mid 90’s, brought on by poor leadership and stagnating computer design<br /><br />The Second Coming of Jobs<br />In 1996, Apple bought NeXT, and with it came Steve Jobs.<br />In 2000, Jobs became the full CEO of Apple, after the success of the iMac, the first computer mainly marketed for its looks.<br /><br />Return to Profitability and Innovation<br />Jobs continues to innovate the computer industry, spearheading projects like the iPod, iTunes and its Music Store, and high end computer<br />Under Jobs’ watch, Apple has entered a new phase of growth and profitability, fueled by his imagination and quest for perfection<br /><br />Apple's Steve Jobs dead at 56 <br />OCTOBER 05: Candles, flowers, and an iPhone with Steve Jobs photo displayed, are seen in remembrance of Steve Jobs, founder and former CEO of Apple Inc, outside the Apple Store at West 66th Street on October 5, 2011 in New York City.Jobs, 56, passed away October 5, 2011 after a long battle with pancreatic cancer. Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 and is credited, along with Steve Wozniak, with marketing the world's first personal computer in addition to the popular iPod, iPhone and iPad.<br /><br />Thanks<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7175949281109688736?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-54460486593231663212011-10-04T02:54:00.000-07:002011-10-04T03:07:29.270-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Bikini Parade PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19633hpcg9vf7" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/bikni%20parade.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-girls.html">Girls</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html">Fashion Show</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-miss.html">MISS UNIVERSE 2011 CONTESTANTS</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/all-time-hit-miss-india-winners.html">All Time Hit Miss India Winners</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/top-10-most-beautiful-bollywood-actress.html">Top 10 Most Beautiful Bollywood Actress</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><b>Bikini Parade: Australians Break World Record</b><br /><br />The new Guinness World Record for the longest bikini parade was set in Gold Coast City, Australia, Oct. 2, 2011. A look at the event, and some older attempts at setting new records in the swimsuit parade and photo shoot categories.<br /><br />Guinness World Records adjudicator Chris Sheedy holds the certificate awarded to the participants at Surfers Paradise Beach in Gold Coast City on October 2, 2011 after they broke the world record for the longest bikini parade<br /><br />357 bikini clad girls paraded on Surfers Paradise beach to break the record of 331 set in 2010 by the Cayman Island Amateur Swimming Association. The women who participated had to be a minimum of 18 years of age, and pay a registration of $25. All profits were donated to charity<br /><br />The women walked 1.6 km along the streets and beach of Surfers' Paradise, and the event was broadcast live on national television<br /><br />An electronic sign kept count of the women as they walked past, and at 332, the crowd erupted in cheers as they realized the previous record of 331 had been broken. The record was finally closed at as 357. The number would have been higher, but four women were disqualified for overdressing<br /><br />The historic event formed a new category in the Guinness World Records book, and was watched by hundreds of spectators. The shoot appeared as a double gate fold insert in the January issue of Cosmopolitan<br /><br />Thanks <br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5446048659323166321?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-18429451418575778592011-10-02T07:11:00.000-07:002011-10-02T07:11:45.441-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Family And Marriage PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19597hhq3jwgn" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Family&amp;Marriage%5B1%5D%20Optimized.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1842945141857577859?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-42231767109532738202011-10-02T07:04:00.000-07:002011-10-02T07:04:46.790-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Presentation On Domestic Economy</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19587g8xfgdcs" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/DomesticEconomyOpt.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4223176710953273820?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-80796381930144744532011-10-02T07:00:00.000-07:002011-10-02T07:00:18.510-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Deep Impact</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19544cfr6kkf8" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/deep%20impactOpt.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8079638193014474453?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-57239626913631597502011-10-02T06:53:00.000-07:002011-10-02T06:53:17.628-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Crimes In Britain And China</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19535cs9hqgck" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Crime%20Optimized.ppt">Download </a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5723962691363159750?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-69178002825826296952011-10-02T04:18:00.000-07:002011-10-02T04:18:28.574-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Tornadoes</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19475grjvtrff" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/tornadosmodified.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6917800282582629695?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-31627893172189465422011-10-02T03:58:00.000-07:002011-10-02T03:58:02.780-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Computer Crimes and Ethics PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19429fkjcz6cp" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Computer%20Crimes%20and%20Ethics.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3162789317218946542?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-58322955937945770652011-10-02T03:48:00.000-07:002011-10-02T03:48:08.801-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Changes of marriage in Britain after the Second World War PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19419g47j9hgk" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ChangesmarriageBritainafterWW2%20Optimized.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5832295593794577065?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-8393603751257350822011-10-02T03:33:00.000-07:002011-10-02T03:33:27.075-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Biofules</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19382f4pcbjgw" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/bio.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-839360375125735082?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-14166189577930890452011-09-25T01:08:00.000-07:002011-09-25T01:14:46.326-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On e-Bikes</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19366ks3vhkhs" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Electric%20saddles%20from%20Frankfurt.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bmws.html">BMW's Electric Scooter</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-bikes.html">Bikes</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-electric.html">Electric Scooter</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-future-car.html">Future Cars</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1416618957793089045?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-85420234148773875052011-09-20T03:24:00.000-07:002011-09-20T03:26:13.546-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">BMW's Electric Scooter PPT</span></b> <iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19351dsmvzwgr" width="410"></iframe> <br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/bmwscooter.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8542023414877387505?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-83132621910703232732011-09-04T02:02:00.000-07:002011-09-04T02:02:49.622-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">PPT On MISS UNIVERSE 2011 CONTESTANTS</span></b><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19333fgwzfjcd" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/MISS%20UNIVERSE%202011%20CONTESTANTS.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8313262191070323273?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-68540952810202509572011-08-26T00:05:00.000-07:002011-08-26T00:05:13.793-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On World's Most Powerful Women</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19305hnkn2hfd" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/World%27s%20most%20powerful%20women.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div>World's most powerful women<br />Start from first<br /><br />1.Angela Merkel is the first female Chancellor of Germany. In 2007, she became the second woman to chair the G8, after Margaret Thatcher. She played a central role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Lisbon and the Berlin Declaration. In domestic policy, health care reform and problems concerning future energy development have thus far been major issues of her tenure.<br /><br />2.Hillary Clinton is the 67th United States Secretary of State, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama. She was a United States Senator for New York from 2001 to 2009. As the wife of the 42nd President of the United States, Bill Clinton, she was the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001.<br /><br />3.Dilma Vana Rousseff is the president of Brazil. She is the first woman to hold the office. Prior to that, in 2005, she was also the first woman to become Chief of Staff of Brazil, appointed by then President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. In 2005, a political crisis triggered by a corruption scandal led to the resignation of Chief of Staff José Dirceu.<br /><br />4.Indra Nooyi is the chairman and chief executive officer of PepsiCo. Nooyi joined PepsiCo in 1994 and was named president and CFO in 2001. Nooyi has directed the company's global strategy for more than a decade and led PepsiCo's restructuring. In 2007 she became the fifth CEO in PepsiCo's 44-year history.<br /><br />5.Sheryl Sandberg is the chief operating officer of Facebook. Prior to Facebook, Sheryl was Vice President of Global Online Sales and Operations at Google.<br /><br />6.Melinda Gates, an American philanthropist and wife of Bill Gates. She is the co-founder and co-chair of the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation and a former unit manager for several Microsoft products such as Publisher, Microsoft Bob, Encarta, and Expedia.<br /><br />7.Sonia Gandhi is the Chairperson of the ruling United Progressive Alliance and the president of the Congress National party. Her foreign birth has been a subject of much debate and controversy. Although Sonia is actually the fifth foreign-born person to be leader of the Congress Party, she is the first since independence in 1947.<br /><br />8.Michelle Obama is the first lady of the United States. Throughout 2007 and 2008, she helped campaign for her husband's presidential bid and delivered a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. She has become a fashion icon and role model for women, and an advocate for poverty awareness and healthy eating.<br /><br />9.Christine Lagarde is the managing director of the International Monetary Fund. Previously, she held various ministerial posts in the French government. Lagarde was the first woman ever to become minister of Economic Affairs of a G8 economy, and is the first woman to ever head the IMF.<br /><br />10.Irene Blecker Rosenfeld is the Chairman and CEO of Kraft Foods. She has worked for 25 years in the food and beverage industry.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6854095281020250957?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-49658206665959247672011-08-24T01:14:00.000-07:002011-08-24T01:24:56.753-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Anna Hazare's Fast For Jan Lokpal Bill</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19253g4z9brcx" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Presentation1.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Anna Hazare video from Tihar compound recorded by Dr. Kiran Bedi </b></div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="345" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Zi2ll1flXp8" width="560"></iframe><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related Post:</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/08/powerpoint-presentation-on-anna-hazare.html">ANNA HAZARE</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4965820666595924767?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-25881722047405492212011-08-16T09:14:00.000-07:002011-08-18T04:58:59.714-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On ANNA HAZARE</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19209fqj8nqct" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Anna%20Hazare.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Anna Hazare Agitation PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19221dktfdxfn" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/anna2.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Mahatma Anna Hazare By {Qasim Chaudhary} </b></div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="345" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/rkRYxedKos0" width="420"></iframe></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2588172204740549221?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-37199699671642577172011-08-10T03:24:00.000-07:002011-08-10T03:24:49.958-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Alzheimer's Disease</strong></span><br /><div closure_uid_7ecn6m="549"><div closure_uid_7ecn6m="569"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_19083f2w2rj42" width="410"></iframe></div></div><div closure_uid_7ecn6m="509"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/swathi.ppt">Download</a></div><br /><div closure_uid_7ecn6m="570"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>Description</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_7ecn6m="574"><br /></div>1. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND ITS HERBAL TREATMENT<br /><br />2. The Impact of AD<br />Once considered a rare disorder, Alzheimer’s disease is now seen as a major public health problem that is seriously affecting millions of older people and their families.<br /><br />3. What is Alzheimer’s disease (AD)?<br />Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills.<br />Although the risk of developing AD increases with age – in most people with AD, symptoms first appear after age 60 – AD is not a part of normal aging. It is caused by a fatal disease that affects the brain.<br /><br />4. AD is the most common cause of dementia among people age 65 and older.<br />Scientists estimate that around 4.5 million people now have AD.<br />For every 5-year age group beyond 65, the percentage of people with AD doubles.<br />By 2050, 13.2 million older people are expected to have AD if the current numbers hold and no preventive treatments become available.<br /><br />5. Inside the Human Brain<br />To understand Alzheimer’s disease, it’s important to know a bit about the brain…<br />The Brain’s Vital Statistics<br />Adult weight:about 3 pounds<br />Adult size: a medium cauliflower<br />Number of neurons: 100,000,000,000 (100 billion)<br />Number of synapses (the gap between neurons): 100,000,000,000,000 (100 trillion)<br /><br />6. Inside the Human Brain<br />The Three Main Players<br />1. Cerebral Hemispheres – where sensory information received from the outside world is processed; this part of the brain controls voluntary movement and regulates conscious thought and mental activity:<br />accounts for 85% of brain’s weight <br />consists of two hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum<br />is covered by an outer layer called the cerebral cortex<br />2. Cerebellum – in charge of balance and coordination:<br />takes up about 10% of brain <br />consists of two hemispheres<br />receives information from eyes, ears, and muscles and joints about body’s movements and position<br />3.Brain Stem – connects the spinal cord with the brain<br />relays and receives messages to and from muscles, skin, and other organs<br />controls automatic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing<br /><br />7. Other Crucial Parts<br />Hippocampus: where short-term memories are converted to long-term memories<br />Thalamus: receives sensory and limbic information and sends to cerebral cortex<br />Hypothalamus: monitors certain activities and controls body’s internal clock<br />Limbic system: controls emotions and instinctive behavior (includes the hippocampus and parts of the cortex)<br /><br />8. The Brain in Action<br />Different mental activities take place in different parts of the brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can measure this activity.. <br /><br />9. Neurons<br />The brain has billions of neurons, each with an axon and many dendrites.<br />To stay healthy, neurons must communicate with each other, carry out metabolism, and repair themselves.<br />AD disrupts all three of these essential jobs.<br /><br />10. Plaques and Tangles: The Hallmarks of AD<br />The brains of people with AD have an abundance of two abnormal structures:<br />beta-amyloid plaques, which are dense deposits of protein and cellular material that accumulate outside and around nerve cells<br />neurofibrillary tangles, which are twisted fibers that build up inside the nerve cell<br /><br />For more details check our PPT<br />Thanks<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3719969967164257717?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-18390495092284055512011-08-04T05:42:00.000-07:002011-08-04T05:42:32.387-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_xto8t0="546"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Endangered Species</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_xto8t0="545"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18637gphph7fd" width="410"></iframe></div><div closure_uid_xto8t0="505"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ENDANGERED%20%20%20%20SPECIES.ppt">Download</a></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1839049509228405551?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-50109659963707158432011-08-04T05:20:00.000-07:002011-08-04T05:20:37.181-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Earthquake Detection Using FM Radio</strong></span><br /><div closure_uid_dnovab="534"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18928hdqg3tgc" width="410"></iframe></div><div closure_uid_dnovab="492"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20quake.pptx">Download</a></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5010965996370715843?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-69724475615731528522011-08-04T04:32:00.000-07:002011-08-04T04:32:39.699-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_ju79x7="537"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Biochips</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_ju79x7="536"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18981c5ckfkcj" width="410"></iframe></div><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/Biochips.pptx">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6972447561573152852?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-39396452881190645932011-07-29T05:11:00.000-07:002011-07-29T05:11:47.853-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_fqmnsp="546"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Unemployment</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_fqmnsp="562"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18629fc94t4fh" width="410"></iframe></div><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20UNEMPLOYMENT.pptx">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3939645288119064593?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-74157490308866724372011-07-29T05:05:00.000-07:002011-07-29T05:05:55.290-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="546"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Thin Film Technology</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="545"><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="607"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18486hgqqwtfk" width="410"></iframe></div></div><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="564"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/PPT%20on%20thin%20film%20technology.pptx">Download</a></div><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="564"><br /></div><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="564"><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="602"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>Presentation On Thin Film Technology</strong></span></div></div><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="601"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18541dh5k26g9" width="410"></iframe></div><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20thinfilms.ppt">Download</a><br /><div closure_uid_gvw7uy="564"><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7415749030886672437?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-69279764203697116412011-07-29T04:53:00.000-07:002011-07-29T04:53:14.925-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_12iy2i="542"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Surface Mount Technology</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_12iy2i="560"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18476ctzpnz2k" width="410"></iframe></div><div closure_uid_12iy2i="504"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20surface%20mount%20technology.ppt">Download</a></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6927976420369711641?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-79755003811934390652011-07-28T23:44:00.000-07:002011-07-28T23:44:18.125-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_uaw9gd="532"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Software Defined Radio</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_uaw9gd="529"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18473fcf5dx7x" width="410"></iframe></div><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20software%20defined%20radio.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7975500381193439065?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-46013621932804395632011-07-28T23:33:00.000-07:002011-07-28T23:36:08.721-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Social Problems</strong></span><br /><div closure_uid_1fkly6="525"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18447fc6dk2cz" width="410"></iframe></div><div closure_uid_1fkly6="485"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20SOCIAL%20PROBLEMS%20FACED%20BY%20INDIAN%20WOMEN.ppt">Download</a></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4601362193280439563?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-48585679494983715592011-07-28T23:26:00.000-07:002011-07-28T23:26:14.569-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Satellite Digital Radio</strong></span><br /><div closure_uid_kmsyte="541"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18401g6jh92g6" width="410"></iframe></div><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20satellite%20digital%20radio.pptx">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4858567949498371559?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-21264757375299144982011-07-28T23:11:00.000-07:002011-07-28T23:11:04.181-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div closure_uid_x5y150="532"><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><strong>PPT On Quantum Computer</strong></span></div><div closure_uid_x5y150="531"><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_182933htfcnd9" width="410"></iframe></div><div closure_uid_x5y150="490"><a href="http://www.aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20quantum%20computer.ppt">Download</a></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2126475737529914498?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-51393466374501216462011-07-26T02:23:00.001-07:002011-07-26T02:48:27.057-07:00<span style="color: rgb(180, 95, 6); font-weight: bold;font-family:verdana;" >PPT On Green House Effect</span><br /><iframe src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18171c3x797fm" width="410" frameborder="0" height="342"></iframe><br /><a href="http://aryansexport.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20GREEN%20HOUSE%20EFFECT1.ppt">Download</a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5139346637450121646?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-25587445344799918502011-06-05T00:17:00.000-07:002011-06-05T03:24:53.459-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">Baba Ramdev Arrested PPT</span></b><br /><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18097zwj7bb6b" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Baba%20Ramdev%20Arrested.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/06/powerpoint-presentation-on-baba-ramdev.html">Baba Ramdev Satyagraha</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Baba Ramdev Live News</b></div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/JfzynVvF0IU" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Narendra Modi, Anna Hazare slam clampdown on Baba Ramdev </b></div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/z8xDJxSYXEM" width="410"></iframe></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2558744534479991850?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-70318596356592934272011-06-02T07:00:00.000-07:002011-06-04T04:43:58.039-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Baba Ramdev</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18083ksz7fg92" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Baba%20Ramdev.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Baba Ramdev To Go Ahead With Satyagraha</b></div><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /></div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/QpfUsdT3h00" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /><b>live from baba ramdev's satyagrah at delhi </b><br /><br /><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Wvu7yZHgG_Y" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><br /><b>Digvijay Singh slams Ramdev's deluxe Satyagrah </b><br /><br /><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/9XnAaOYSsNE" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><br /><b>Bhrashtachar Mitao Satyagraha</b><br /><br /><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="349" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/I-CZjoJyPJ0" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><br /><b>Description:</b></div>1. Baba Ramdev<br />Swami Ramdev born in 1965.<br />He teach Yoga and large number of people follow his yoga.<br />His Yoga is free for all.<br />Baba Ramdev was born in mahendragarh district of Haryana.<br />He suffered from paralysis in his childhood. With the help of Yoga he regain the functionality of his body.<br />2. His Journey<br />Swami Ramdev establish the divya yoga mandir in 1995.<br />In 2003, Aastha TV began featuring him in its morning yoga slot.<br />His TV program is broadcast in several countries. <br />The New York Times called him "an Indian, who built Yoga Empire”<br />3. Patanjali Yog Peeth<br />Patanjali Yog Peeth established on August 6, 2006.<br />It is the best Yoga center in world.<br />At present the trust offers free treatment to those who cannot afford to pay and for the rest, it is provided at a reasonable cost.<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7031859635659293427?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-44682309616867313042011-05-30T23:14:00.000-07:002011-05-30T23:14:44.030-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Top 10 Most Beautiful Bollywood Actress PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18068w79h2mw8" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Top%2010%20Most%20Beautiful%20Bollywood%20Actress.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div>1. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-duplicates.html">Duplicates Of Bollywood Stars&nbsp;</a><br />2. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-10.html">Top 10 Hollywood Actors&nbsp; </a><br />3. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a><br />4. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/all-time-hit-miss-india-winners.html">All Time Hit Miss India Winners</a><br />5. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a>&nbsp; </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4468230961686731304?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-43143597331041846632011-05-30T04:32:00.000-07:002011-05-30T23:15:06.069-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Mahendra Singh Dhoni</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18056dhff7gd2" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/dhoni.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div>1. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-duplicates.html">Duplicates Of Bollywood Stars&nbsp;</a><br />2. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-10.html">Top 10 Hollywood Actors&nbsp; </a><br />3. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4314359733104184663?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-52647068495189581062011-05-27T02:41:00.000-07:002011-05-27T03:24:16.705-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><b style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">PPT On Bollywood Actors Then And Now</span></b><br /><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18032ggwbxfgh" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/bollywood%20stars%20childhood.ppt">Download</a><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><br />1. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-duplicates.html">Duplicates Of Bollywood Stars&nbsp;</a><br />2. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-10.html">Top 10 Hollywood Actors </a><br />3. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-kavita.html">Kavita Radheshyam Hot Photo Shoot</a><br />4. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a><br />5. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/all-time-hit-miss-india-winners.html">All Time Hit Miss India Winners</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />In this PPT you see how these bollywood Actors changed over the years.<br />1. Aamir Khan: Mr. Perfectionist <br />2. Akshay Kumar<br />3. Shahrukh Khan<br />4. Sanjay Dutt<br />5. Sunil Shetty<br />6. Sunny Deol<br />7. Hrithik Roshan<br />8. Salman Khan<br />9. Amitabh Bachchan<br />10.Thanks<br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5264706849518958106?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-29508408836838677642011-05-25T03:23:00.000-07:002011-05-25T03:23:45.942-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Top 10 Hollywood Actors </b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18020gbm5zngv" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Top%2010%20Hollywood%20Star.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><br />1.&nbsp; <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-kavita.html">Kavita Radheshyam Hot Photo Shoot</a><br />2.&nbsp; <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a><br />3.&nbsp; <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/all-time-hit-miss-india-winners.html">All Time Hit Miss India Winners</a><br />4.&nbsp; <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-duplicates.html">Duplicates Of Bollywood Stars&nbsp;</a><br />5.&nbsp; <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html">Fashion Show</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2950840883683867764?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-65798651895939532082011-05-24T03:25:00.000-07:002011-05-24T04:18:59.207-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Duplicates Of Bollywood Stars</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_18007f7cf3vzt" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Duplicates%20Of%20Bollywood%20Stars.ppt">Download</a><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><br /><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><br />1. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-kavita.html">Kavita Radheshyam Hot Photo Shoot</a><br />2. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a><br />3. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/all-time-hit-miss-india-winners.html">All Time Hit Miss India Winners</a><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html"></a><br />4.&nbsp;<a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html">Fashion Show</a><br />5. <a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-girls.html">Girls</a><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html"></a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6579865189593953208?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-65866461211127747222011-05-21T00:12:00.000-07:002011-05-21T03:09:36.683-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>All Time Hit Miss India Winners PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17989gvf6x5g5" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. Leela Naidu: She won the miss India title in 1954. She is also in most beautiful women list.<br /><br />2. Rita Faria: She is the first Indian women who won the miss world crown in 1966.<br /><br />3. Zeenat Aman: She is second runner up in the miss India contest. She gain lot of success in her career.<br /><br />4. Juhi Chawla: Winner of the miss India contest 1984. She is a successful Bollywood actress.<br /><br />5. Madhu Sapre: Most Iconic and bold model of India.<br /><br />6. Sushmita Sen: She won the miss universe title in 1994.<br /><br />7. Aishwarya Rai: She is the winner of miss world. She is the most beautiful women of the world.<br /><br />8. Diana Hayden: She is the winner of miss India, Miss World, Miss Photogenic, Miss beachwear.<br /><br />9. Lara Dutta: winner of miss universe. <br /><br />10. Priyanka Chopra: She is the last Indian who won the miss world title. <br /><br />11. Neha Dhupia: She had good career in Bollywood.<br /><br />12. Sayali Bhagat: Most Charming Girl.<br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs:</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-kavita.html">Kavita Radheshyam Hot Photo Shoot</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-top-50-hot.html">Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html">Fashion Show</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-girls.html">Girls</a><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6586646121112774722?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-27690296601970435512011-05-20T00:21:00.000-07:002011-05-20T00:21:17.099-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Hyundai Motors</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17936gtrcmrzs" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/hyundai%20%20PPT.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY<br />In India there are 100 people per vehicle, while this figure is 82 in China. It is expected that Indian automobile industry will achieve mass motorization status by 2014.<br /><br />India is the fourth largest car market in Asia - recently crossed the 1 million mark.<br /><br />Unlike the USA, the Indian passenger vehicle market is dominated by cars (79%). <br /><br />The first automobile in India rolled in 1897 in Bombay.<br /><br />India is being recognized as potential emerging auto market.<br /><br />Foreign players are adding to their investments in Indian auto industry.<br /><br />2. HYUNDAI MOTORS<br />Hyundai Motor Company dates to April 1946 when founder, Ju-Yung Chung&nbsp; established Hyundai Auto Service in Seoul, South Korea.<br /><br />Hyundai Motor Company was founded by Ju-Yung Chung&nbsp; and younger brother&nbsp;Se-Yung Chung&nbsp; in December 1967.<br /><br />The name Hyundai was chosen for its meaning which in English translates to “modern.<br /><br />3. HYUNDAI MOTORS <br />The second largest car manufacturer and the largest passenger car exporter from India.<br /><br />HMIL presently markets 33 variants of passenger cars across segments.<br /><br />Hyundai has one of the most advanced research and development facilities that focus on state of the art product and design engineering and rigorous quality enhancement. <br /><br />4. OBJECTIVE<br /><br />The company aims to achieve sustainable,<br />profitable growth through the development of <br />superior products, and customer-relevant <br />technologies. The company’s top priority is<br />achieving global competitiveness in an<br />increasingly global environment. <br /><br />5. MODELS OF HYUNDAI<br />HYUNDAI ACCENT.<br /><br />HYUNDAI SANTRO XING.<br /><br />HYUNDAI SONATA EMBERA.<br /><br />HYUNDAI TERRACAN.<br /><br />HYUNDAI TUCSON.<br /><br />HYUNDAI VERNA.<br /><br />HYUNDAI GETZ.<br /><br />HYUNDAI ELANTRA.<br /><br />6. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS<br />STRENGTH<br />. STRONG FINANCIAL POSITION.<br />. STRONG BRAND IMAGE.<br />. PRODUCT INNOVATION.<br />. THE QUALITY ADVANTAGE.<br />. QUALITY SERVICE ACROSS 1036 CITIES. <br /><br />WEAKNESS <br />.UNAFFORDABLE FOR MIDDLE CLASS. <br />. COMMODITY PRICE RISK.<br />. EXCHANGE RATE RISK.<br /><br />7. NEW INSIGHTS <br />After making a foothold in the urban and semi-urban areas, Hyundai Motors now desires to grasp India's rural markets which are untapped by small car manufacturers so far.<br /><br />HMIL has entered into retail partnership with several Indian financial institutions like HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Mahindra Finance, Punjab National Bank and Sundaram Finance.<br /><br />HMIL has strategic tie ups with Syndicate Bank, Bank of India, Punjab National bank, Canara Bank, Bank of Baroda and Corporation Bank.<br /><br />8. AWARDS<br />Hyundai wins the DHL-CNBC<br />Tv18 International Trade <br />Awards 2008-09.<br /><br />Hyundai Motor wins the<br />‘Manufacturer of the Year’ <br />award at the NDTV Profit <br />Car &amp; Bike Awards 2009.<br /><br />Indian Car Of The Year<br />2008.<br /><br />Compact Car of the Year. <br /><br />9. Car of the Year 2008 .<br />Small Car of the Year <br />2008.<br />Aaj Tak Viewers<br />Choice Award.<br />JD Power Asia Pacific <br />Initial Quality Study <br />(IQS).<br /><br />10. Thanks<br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2769029660197043551?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-91408733628922828172011-05-20T00:04:00.000-07:002011-05-20T00:04:24.006-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On TATA NANO v/s MARUTI 800</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17905ghvfvrfk" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/TATA%20NANO%20vs%20maruti%20800.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY<br />In India there are 100 people per vehicle, while this figure is 82 in China. It is expected that Indian automobile industry will achieve mass motorization status by 2014.<br /><br />2. INDIAN AUTOMOBILE COMPANY<br />India is the 11th largest Passenger&nbsp;Cars&nbsp;producing <br />countries in the world and 4th largest inHeavy&nbsp;Trucks.<br /><br />3. Distribution<br />So far we know TATA, it’s business has been extended to the overseas i.e. to the Europe, Africa, U.S &amp; Australia.<br /><br />Hence it has n-number of showrooms in India &amp; outside of India.<br /><br />The exclusive showrooms are the best distribution channels for TATA itself.<br /><br />4. Idea generation<br />“I saw families riding around on scooters with kids standing up and the mother carrying a baby and sitting pillion and decided to do something about it. It started as a quest for an affordable transportation solution”.<br />RATAN TATA<br />source:- Business standard<br /><br />5. Why the name Nano?<br />Nano stands for superior technology and small in size. This is what this car depicts and hence the name Nano. <br /><br />6. For More Please Refer Our PPT. Thanks.<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-9140873362892282817?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-76289071262980409602011-05-19T23:51:00.000-07:002011-05-19T23:51:55.003-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Sony Ericsson</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17900hnbgbqvs" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/SONY%20erricson.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. Objective of the study<br />The main objective of this study is that through this study I can learn the behavior of the customer.<br /><br />this study is also beneficial for company because in this research the main focus on customer satisfaction of Sony mobile so through this research company can get information about the customer test and what customer want <br /><br />2. Mobile industry in India<br />India's galloping wireless industry, the world's fastest growing major mobile market.<br />India now has more than 200 million mobile phone users.<br />Emerging Rural Mobile Market in India. <br />our average ARPU remains one of the lowest in the world As per the latest performance reports from TRAI, all India blended ARPU for GSM at the end of the latest quarter was Rs 261 while that for CDMA was Rs. 176 . <br /><br />3. SONY Ericsson<br />Mission <br />Our mission is to establish Sony Ericsson as the most attractive and innovative global brand in the mobile handset industry.<br /><br />Sustainability<br />We care about people and the environment. <br /><br />Ethics <br />Respect and responsibility. <br /><br />Corporate code<br /><br />Supplier social responsibility code <br /><br />4. Sony Ericsson signed&nbsp;The Copenhegen Communique<br />Unplug the charger<br />Our commitment<br />In 2009, Sony Ericsson reformatted the company’s climate related goals from intensity based to absolute.<br />By 2015 reduce the total greenhouse gas emissions from the full life cycle of Sony Ericsson’s products by 15% (based on 2008 year levels) By 2015 reduce the total greenhouse gas emissions from Sony Ericsson’s internal activities by 20% (based on 2008 year levels)<br />Our performance<br />Between 2007 and 2008, we managed to reduce the total greenhouse gas emissions from a total of 64 426 057 kg CO2 equivalents* in 2007 to a total of 57 390 998 kg CO2 equivalents in 2008. A large part of this reduction was due to reduced business travel.&nbsp; <br /><br />5. Major Findings<br />youths use largely mobile phone approximately 50% <br /><br />most customer influence to the brand of the product then quality influence to customer and Service comes in end of the important factors.<br /><br />Recently most customer like multimedia mobile set .<br /><br />largest customer group Refers Nokia mobile then customer like Sony Ericsson. <br /><br />6. SWOT Analysis<br />Strength –<br />Sony come on 2nd position in sale of the product.<br />Quality of the Sony Ericsson is Good <br />Sony Ericsson sound is good.<br />Best picture quality <br />Sony Ericsson camera is also good.<br />Sony corporation is the branded company in electronic product.<br /><br />Weakness:-<br />High price is one of the weakness.<br />Poor Battery <br />Display screen is poor<br />Complex function<br />Most of the customers are loyal <br /><br />7. Opportunity:-<br /><br />36% customer not loyal if Sony provide good Quality then there existing provider it is golden chance for growth.<br />If Customer change their mobile then most of the customer purchase the Sony.<br /><br />Threat:-<br /><br />the main threat is improve the brand comparison with Nokia.<br />Very hard to Change the customer loyalty.<br /><br />8. Conclusions<br />Maximum peoples in India come from middle income class so most of them consider the price as a prime factor while they purchase a mobile phone. They get maximum satisfaction when they buy it on reasonable price.<br />Since the maximum purchase is made by the youth, they prefer the multimedia handset than the simple model so there is a greater scope for the multimedia handsets.<br />Customer perceives Sony Ericsson as a second most reliable brand in india so there is a great opportunity exists to increase the market shares. <br /><br />9. Thanks<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7628907126298040960?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-12601360583751586142011-05-19T23:38:00.000-07:002011-05-19T23:40:13.038-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Small And Medium Enterprises PPT</b></div><iframe src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17897czxz43c4" frameborder="0" width="410" height="342"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/SMALL%20AND%20MEDIUM%20ENTERPRISES.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1260136058375158614?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-81619539152282766842011-05-19T23:30:00.000-07:002011-05-19T23:30:55.211-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Social Networking</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17883dbvpk9ch" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/ROLE%20OF%20SOCIAL%20NTWRKNG%20.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. What is Online Social Networking? <br />From a conceptual standpoint, online social networking is no different than traditional networking and socializing. You meet people and get to know them by sharing information about each other. Those you like and/or share interests with become part of your "network." The marketing magic kicks in when those in your network start talking about you. Your reputation spreads by word-of-mouth. The Internet and related technology have taken networking to the next level, expanding each individual’s reach and exposure through online marketing. Where traditionally people gather in person to network ― at the same time and place as others ― members of online networking groups are not limited by time or geography. Each group member can interact 24/7 from any location worldwide. Consequently, online networking techniques are very different from in-person networking.<br /><br />2. Use of Social Networking sites in Marketing &amp; Management<br />Social networking online is one of today’s hottest trends. Many, however, wonder how social networking can help their careers or businesses and exactly how to get started with this online marketing technique. <br /><br />Social networking sites have become so popular because of following characteristics :-<br /><br />Social sites are evolving in nature, they change from day to day thanks to the contributions of it’s members – this is why they are so successful. As the platform evolves constantly, so should you approach to using this medium!<br /><br />3. How To Interact Through Social Networking <br />Ways to interact are numerous. The first order of business is to decide what your marketing goals are with respect to social networking. While "finding new friends" is a sufficient personal reason for social networking, business marketing goals need to be more specific. Are you an individual looking for a job or freelance work? Do you want to gain exposure for your product, brand or company? Are you looking for potential employees or contractors? Do you want to get prospects interested enough to visit your Website or contact you? Your goals will dictate what you put on your profile and social networking home page, as well as who you look for to become part of your network. <br />After you’ve decided on your purpose for online networking, choose which social networking Website(s) you will participate in. <br /><br />4. Where to Network Online <br />You can find a comprehensive list of social networking sites here, I am familiar with those listed below. They will give you an idea of the range of opportunities you will find at social networking Websites: <br />Yahoo! 360 (360.yahoo.com): Yahoo!'s social networking site is in beta as of this writing. The unique feature here is your Yahoo! 360 space is cross-promoted with other Yahoo! products, such as with your reviews on Yahoo! Local and your Yahoo! Groups. Like many social networking sites, you can also host a blog on the server. <br />MySpace (myspace.com): This is the mother of social networking sites. Originally dominated by teens, there are reports of the "graying of myspace" as older people and businesses are also networking on the site. It may be worth your while to spend some time there to see if your target customers hang out there. <br />LinkedIn (linkedin.com): LinkedIn is excellent for professional, career-related online marketing because it focuses exclusively on business and professional networking. You will find interfaces to connect with classmates or colleagues (both past and present); find service providers or clients; post or find a job; and ask or answer business-related questions. <br /><br />5. Whom To Interact With<br />The people you want to associate with (i.e. make "friends" or be "connected" to) will depend largely on your goals. There are several types of people you will want to consider contacting. Each can help you in different ways, so consider looking for more than one type of "target friend:" <br />Customers and Consumers: People who will benefit from what you do, consume or buy your products or services, and rave about you to their friends.<br />Others Within Your Industry: People with whom you can network, share resources and cross-promote with. <br />Media and Publishers: People who work for, or can influence, publications you would like to be mentioned in (e-zines, newspapers, Websites, etc). <br />Consultants: People who may want to hire or purchase products from you. <br />Event, Company or Organization representatives: People who operate businesses and associations that support your industry. <br /><br />6. How Social Network Marketing can grow your business marketing profits? <br />Social Media Marketing create opportunities to:<br />Adds a human element (you) to your business or product <br />Engage with customers directly but informally while hanging out online <br />It is fun and simple to do once you know how <br />Get traffic to your website <br />Create buzz around your website, product or service or brand <br />Create inbound links to your website for the search engine ranking benefit <br />Creates loyalty and trust<br /><br />7. How to "do" Social Networking? <br />Working your Network <br />There are several things can be done to become more approachable: <br /><br />- Your page is the first thing people see when researching you, so keep it appealing. <br />Add new content to your page often, giving people a reason to visit regularly. <br /><br />Like all worthwhile business relationships, online networks must be nurtured. Make the effort to do so, and over time you will reap the rewards. <br /><br />8. How to "do" Social Networking? Marketing For Business Profits <br />should define your audience, locate your potential customers, build a social relationship with them and promote your brand and website. What you choose to do on these sites depends on what your business needs. In most communities it is recommended to not start out by promoting your brand or website. If you start out by “spamming” you are likely to get kicked out of that social community. The site administrators will most likely ban you from returning. Being too direct in your sales pitch could also scare people away <br /><br />9. Platform for growth<br />Social media has become a platform that is easily accessible to anyone with internet access, opening doors for organizations to increase their brand awareness and facilitate conversations with the customer. Additionally, social media serves as a relatively inexpensive platform for organizations to implement marketing campaigns. Organizations can receive direct feedback from their customers and targeted markets.<br /><br />10. Why Social Networking ?<br />Popularity :-Social media has been adopted by a critical mass of the population which means it is important for organizations to have a social media presence. Generally, some official presence is better than none even if a specific strategy has not been defined. <br />Advertising :-Social media is an enormous advertising platform. Organizations are able to target individuals based upon specific interests shared on social media. For example, if an individual watches a YouTube video about jogging, a shoe company can serve an ad or a coffee company can target ads to individuals who post that they are tired on social media sites.<br /><br />11. Customers :- One thing is Crystal clear that . Customers are the King and the days of marketer &amp; seller are gone. Mass is moving to Social networking sites so companies will also follow where there customers go .<br /><br /><br />Awareness :- Some organizations actively use social media in their marketing plan to keep the brand fresh in customers' and non-customers' minds. Linking with an organization on a social media site allows the organization to stay connected with individuals who may or may not be customers instead of relying on them to initiate a contact only when they are looking for additional information.<br /><br />12. How organizations use social media <br />Among the goals for which social media can be used are:<br />Customer service, e.g. direct response to customer complaints<br />Broadcasting updates, announcements, news, e.g. additional PR resource<br />Promotions<br />Behind the scenes look at the organization<br />Advertising<br /><br />13. Thanks<br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8161953915228276684?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-66971717252304198042011-05-19T05:01:00.000-07:002011-05-19T05:01:48.838-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Retail</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17850fvn7pczt" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/retail%20%282%29.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. What is Retail??<br />Retail Philosophy — “By The People, For The People and of The People”<br />Retailing involves selling products and services to consumers for their individual or family use. As the final link between consumers and manufacturers, retailers are a vital part of the business world.&nbsp;Retailers add value to products by making it easier for manufactures to sell and consumers to buy.<br /><br />2. Industry Evolution<br />Traditionally retailing in India can be traced to <br />The emergence of the neighborhood ‘Kirana’ stores catering to the convenience of the consumers<br />Era of government support for rural retail: Indigenous franchise model of store chains run by Khadi &amp; Village Industries Commission<br />1980s experienced slow change as India began to open up economy. <br />Textiles sector with companies like Bombay Dyeing, Raymond's, S Kumar's and Grasim first saw the emergence of retail chains<br />Later Titan successfully created an organized retailing concept and established a series of showrooms for its premium watches <br />The latter half of the 1990s saw a fresh wave of entrants with a shift from Manufactures to Pure Retailers. <br /><br />3. Industry Evolution…..<br />For e.g.Reliance Fresh, Subhiksha and Nilgiris in food and FMCG; Planet M and Music World in music; Crossword and Fountainhead in books.<br />Post 1995 onwards saw an emergence of shopping centers, <br />mainly in urban areas, with facilities like car parking <br />targeted to provide a complete destination experience for all segments of society <br />Emergence of hyper and super markets trying to provide customer with 3 V’s - Value, Variety and Volume<br /><br />4. At year end of 2000 the size of the Indian organized retail industry is estimated at Rs. 13,000 crore<br /><br /><br />Overall, India’s retail sector is expected to grow from its current $350 billion to $427 billion by 2010 and $635 billion by 2015.<br /><br />5. Retailing formats in India<br />Malls:<br />It Located mainly in metro cities, in proximity to urban outskirts. Ranges from 60,000 sq ft to 7,00,000 sq ft and above. They lend an ideal shopping experience with an amalgamation of product, service and entertainment, all under a common roof.Examples include Shoppers Stop, Piramyd, Pantaloon. <br />Specialty Stores:<br />Chains such as the Bangalore based Kids Kemp, the Mumbai books retailer Crossword, RPG's Music World and the Times Group's music chain Planet M, are focusing on specific market segments and have established themselves strongly in their sectors.<br /><br />Discount Stores:<br />As the name suggests, discount stores or factory outlets, offer discounts on the MRP through selling in bulk reaching economies of scale or excess stock left over at the season. The product category can range from a variety of perishable/ non perishable goods<br />Department Stores:<br />Departmental Stores are expected to take over the apparel business from exclusive brand showrooms. Among these, the biggest success is K Raheja's Shoppers Stop, which started in Mumbai and now has more than seven large stores (over 30,000 sq. ft) across India and even has its own in store brand for clothes called Stop!.<br /><br />6. For more please refer our PPT. Thanks...</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6697171725230419804?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-58909198022519466692011-05-19T04:28:00.000-07:002011-05-19T04:30:14.441-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Mutual Funds</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17816nwwmvgd4" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Mutual%20Funds%20PPT.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. What is Mutual fund<br />“A pool of money managed by an investment company”<br />Fund operated by an investment company that raises money from shareholders and invests it in stocks, bonds, options, commodities or money market.<br /><br />2. ADVANTAGE OF MUTUAL FUNDS<br />Professional expertise <br />Diversification <br />Low cost of asset management<br />Liquidity<br />Ease of process<br />Well regulated<br />Convenient Administration<br />Return Potential <br />Transparency <br />Flexibility <br />Choice of schemes <br />Tax benefits <br />Well regulated<br /><br />3. EQUITY FUND<br />The aim of growth funds is to provide capital appreciation over the medium to long- term. Such schemes normally invest a major part of their corpus in equities. Such funds have comparatively high risks. <br /><br />4. Money Market Fund <br />Money market / liquid funds invest in short-term (maturing within one year) interest bearing debt instruments. These securities are highly liquid and provide safety of investment, thus making money market / liquid funds the safest investment option when compared with other mutual fund types. <br /><br />5. Hybrid funds<br />As the name suggests, hybrid funds are those funds whose portfolio includes a blend of equities, debts and money market securities. Hybrid funds have an equal proportion of debt and equity in their portfolio. <br />Debt/Income funds<br />Funds that invest in medium to long-term debt instruments <br />issued by private companies, banks, financial institutions, <br />governments and other entities belonging to various sectors<br />(like infrastructure companies etc.) are known as Debt / <br />Income Funds. <br /><br />6. Gilt Funds <br />Commodity Funds <br />Real Estate Funds <br />Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) <br />Fund of Funds <br /><br />7. Main Factors affecting Mutual Fund Industry in India<br />Population<br />Movement in Global Markets <br />India – Potential 'Services Capital' of the World <br /><br />8. 5 reasons why mutual funds score over stocks<br />Power of knowledge <br />Diversification <br />Solid structure <br />Offering solutions <br />Tax neutral <br /><br />9. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5890919802251946669?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-8515653147164566372011-05-19T04:17:00.000-07:002011-05-19T04:17:00.457-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Pester Power</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17810gjfbsxf3" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/PESTER%20POWER.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. Objectives of the Study<br /><br />The paper plans to study the impact of TV Advertisements on School Going Children. It proposes the following:<br />To study what pester power is?<br />To study the drivers of “Pester Power”.<br />To study the tools used by the companies to target kids.<br />To study the various ways to control Pester Power.<br /><br />2. WHAT IS PESTER POWER? <br />Pester Power is the name given to Marketing Techniques which encourage children to nag their parents to purchase a particular product.<br /><br />It is repeated nagging of influencing their parents to buy advertised or fashionable items.<br /><br />Over 95% of kids have pestered their parents for a product promoted on TV, according to a new survey by www.raisingkids.co.uk.<br /><br />3. Kids –the chief design element of commercials<br />Videocon with Sharukh Khan<br />Kids with celebrities like the Big B in the Hajmola ad make a still more lethal combination.<br />Surf excel advertisement.<br /><br />4. Influence of Children in Family Decision Making Process <br />Children constitute three different markets:<br />the primary,<br />the influencer,<br />the future market.<br />Children have not been observed to have a large impact on instrumental decisions such as how much to spend but rather play a role while making expressive decisions such as color, model, brand, shape, and time of purchase.<br />Kids have a lot of information because of exposure to television, other media, and friends.<br /><br />5. Media strategies for children <br />Marketers use television as a medium of communication<br />Young children are able to differentiate between a TV program and a commercial but are unable to understand the intent of an advertisement until they are 8-10 years of age<br />Advertising to children avoids any appeal to the rational, emphasizing instead that ads are for entertainment and "enjoyable for their own sake“<br />Celebrities and cartoon characters are commonly used by marketers<br /><br />6. expenditure for pester power <br />Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.<br /><br />Teens influence more than $50 billion adult spending every year and pester an adult 25 times on an average before the desired product or experience is finally bequeathed. <br /><br /><br />7. Pester Power in India <br />Arrival of niche channels like the Cartoon Network, Hungama and Toonami .<br />In 2005- 120 million tween (children between 8-12 years of age) were present.<br />Out of which 45 million live in urban areas – contribute whopping Rs. 20,000 crore. <br />Ad spend per year on products Horlicks and Complan is 12 to 15 per cent of the total i.e. close to Rs 5000 to 6000 crore.<br />Eg.Nestle India - Rs 1507.1 million in December 2002, Britannia Industries spent Rs 906.3 in March 2002 Cadbury India which spent Rs 876.7 million in December 2002.<br /><br />8. For more please refer our PPT. Thanks<br /><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-851565314716456637?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-70742567362331064752011-05-19T03:59:00.000-07:002011-05-19T03:59:28.266-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On LIC</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17798dj396nfp" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/lic.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. INTRODUCTION OF THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN INDIA<br />India has a deep rooted history.<br /><br />1818 I saw the advent life insurance business in India with the establish of the oriental life insurance company in India.<br /><br />In 1914, the Government of India started publishing returns of Insurance Companies in India. <br /><br />An Ordinance was issued on 19th January, 1956 nationalizing the Life Insurance sector and Life Insurance Corporation came into existence in the same year <br /><br />2. The IRDA opened up the market in August 2000 with the invitation for application for registrations. Foreign companies were allowed ownership of up to 26%. <br /><br />Parliament passed a bill de-linking the four subsidiaries from GIC in July, 2002. <br /><br />3. LIBERALIZATION OF INSURANCE SECTOR<br />Globalization will provide opportunities to the customers.<br /><br />Better production with more reasonable and affordable prices.<br /><br />The customer will get better services.<br /><br />It will enhance the saving rate.<br /><br />Long term funds for infrastructure development will be available to the country. <br /><br />It will secure for India larger inflow of foreign capital need to sustain our GDP growth.<br /><br />4. WHY INSURANCE IN INDIA?<br />We live in the information age. People are becoming more aware of the importance of insurance in their life.<br /><br />Today, natural disasters on a large scale occur regularly and even terrorism is increasing day by day. Specialized software is used in actuarial science to accurately predict life expectancy and mortality. But natural disasters are difficult to predict. <br /><br />5. When LIC was formed in 1956 through the amalgamation of 225 private companies, its business objectives complemented its social objectives. The main objective is to spread life insurance to every nook and corner of the country especially rural areas, to socially and economically backward classes and provide them reasonably-priced financial cover against death. <br /><br />Even today after 50 years, the core value of social commitment has not changed. What have changed in recent times are customers’ expectations and the environment in which the life insurance sector operates. <br /><br />6. Insurance companies in India:<br />IRDA has so far granted registration to 12 private life insurance companies and 9 general insurance companies. If the existing public sector insurance companies are included, there are currently 13 insurance companies in the life side and 13 companies operating in general insurance business.<br /><br />7. KEY PLAYERS IN INDIAN LIFE INSURANCE INDUSTRY:<br />LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION OF INDIA<br /><br />ING. VYSYA LIFE INSDURANCE <br /><br />OM KOTAK MAHINDRA LIFE INSURANCE <br /><br />ICICI PRUDENTIAL LIFE INSURANCE <br /><br />BIRLA SUN LIFE<br /><br />AVIVA<br /><br />8. TATA-AIG <br /><br />MET LIFE <br /><br />Reliance Life Insurance <br /><br />9. COMPANY PROFILE<br />HDFC Incorporated in 1977 with a share capital of Rs 10 Crores, HDFC has since emerged as the largest residential mortgage finance institution in the country. The corporation has had a series of share issues raising its capital to Rs. 119 Crores. <br /><br />The gross premium income for the year ending March 31, 2007 stood at Rs. 2,856 Crores and new business premium income at Rs. 1,624 Crores. The company has covered over 8,77,000 lives year ending March 31, 2007.<br /><br />10. GROUP COMPANIES <br />HDFC Bank: World Class Indian Bank- among the top private banks in India. <br />HDFC AMC: One of the top 3 Amc’s in India- Preferred investment manager.<br />Intel net Global: BPO services for international customers.<br />CIBIL: Credit Information Bureau India Limited.<br />HDFC Chubb: Upcoming Private companies in the field of General Insurance. <br />HDFC Mutual Fund <br />HDFC reality. COM: Helps to search properties in all major cities in India<br />HDFC securities<br /><br />11. Broadly HDFC has its influence spread into 4 major area these are: <br />HDFC STANDARD LIFE INSURANCE<br />HDFC GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY<br />HDFC MUTUAL FUNDS <br />HDFC SECURITIES<br /><br />12. KEY STRENGTH:<br />Financial Expertise :a joint venture of leading financial services groups <br />Range of Solutions:<br />HDFC has a range of individual and group solutions, which can be easily customized to specific needs <br /><br />13. PRODUCTS &amp; SERVICES<br />Endowment Plans<br />Money Back Policy<br />Group Insurance Policy<br />Term Insurance Policy <br /><br />14. INTRODUCTION OF LIC<br />LIC has an excellent money back policy which provides for periodic payments of partial survival benefits as long as the policy holder is alive. 20% of the sum assured is payable after 5, 10, 15 and 20 years and the balance 40% is payable at the 20th year along with accrued bonus. <br />LIC offers 66 different plans; plans are formulated for specific occasions – whole life plans, term assurance plans, money back plan for women, child plans, plans for the handicapped individuals, endowment assurance plans, plans for high worth individuals, pension plans, unit linked plans, special plans, social security schemes – diversified portfolio of products. HDFC SLIC could diversify its product portfolio. It could add more plans for high worth individuals and women.<br /><br />15. Objective of LIC:<br />Spread Life Insurance widely and in particular to the rural areas and to the socially and economically backward classes with a view to reaching all insurable persons in the country and providing them adequate financial cover against death at a reasonable cost. <br /><br />Maximize mobilization of people's savings by making insurance-linked savings adequately attractive. <br /><br />Conduct business with utmost economy and with the full realization that the moneys belong to the policyholders. <br /><br />Act as trustees of the insured <br /><br />16. Mission/vision:<br />Mission "Explore and enhance the quality of life of people through financial security by providing products and services of aspired attributes with competitive returns, and by rendering resources for economic development." <br />Vision "A trans-nationally competitive financial conglomerate of significance to societies and Pride of India."<br /><br />17. SWOT ANALYSIS<br />STRENGTHS:<br /><br />Domestic image of HDFC supported by Prudential’s international image is strength of the company.<br />Strong and well spread network of qualified intermediaries and sales person. <br />Strong capital and reserve base.<br />The company provides customer service of the highest order <br /><br />WEAKNESS:<br /><br />Heavy management expenses and administrative costs.<br />Low customer confidence on the private players. <br /><br />18. OPPORTUNITIES: <br />Insurable population –According to ING only 10% of the population is insure which represents around 30% of the insurable population. This suggests more than 300m people, with the potential to buy insurance, remain uninsured.<br />There will be inflow of managerial and financial expertise from the world’s leading insurance markets. Further the burden of educating consumers will also be shared among many players. <br /><br />19. THREATS<br />Reorganization of PSU’s. The all PSU’s have started to redefine their services to attract customer’s attention.<br />A few foreign Insurance companies have been permitted to increase their number branches and its entry has taken away some business of the existing companies.<br /><br />20. SWOT ANALYSIS LIC<br />STRENGTHS:<br />India’s top insurance company and best among Public sector company. <br />Provide better infrastructure than any other Public company.<br /><br />WEAKNESSES:<br />Average waiting time for the customer is 15 to 20 minutes.<br />No separate customer care unit<br /><br />OPPORTUNITIES:<br />Setup a marketing cell at the local branch.<br />Ensure that policies are diversified across several customer segments <br /><br /><br />21. THEREATS: Growth of private players has led to shifting emphasis from public sector companies.<br /><br />22. CONCLUSION<br />The products of HDFC Std. LIFE &amp; LIC are no doubt very good and it provides the customized solution to its customer the products offerings are made so very flexible and adaptable in order to get with the customer requirements. All the products and the special offering at LIC loaded with lot of benefits for the customer. LIC is always there to serve its customers with great speed. LIC has a wide network of branches amongst the private sector insurance companies. <br /><br />23. Thanks<br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-7074256736233106475?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-3843885501020114062011-05-19T03:05:00.000-07:002011-05-19T03:05:30.728-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Lean Manufacturing Sysytem In Management PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17776gdtfn6f5" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/lean%20manufacturing.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. What is lean manufacturing ???.<br />Lean manufacturing evolved out of lean thinking which means removal of waste.<br /><br />Waste specifically means any activity which absorbs resources but creates no value.<br /><br />Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach for identifying and eliminating waste in operations through continuous improvement.<br /><br />2. HISTORY<br />Pre 20th century<br /><br />20th century<br /><br />Ford starts the ball rolling<br /><br />Toyota develops lean thinking<br /><br />3. Techniques of Lean manufacturing<br />“ A management philosophy which seeks to integrate all organizational functions ( marketing, finance, design, engineering, production, customer service….) to focus on meeting customer needs and organizational objectives.”<br /><br />4. JIT (Just in time)<br />Just-in-time (JIT) is an inventory strategy implemented to improve the return on investment of a business by reducing in-process inventory and its associated Carrying costs.<br /><br />5. KAIZEN<br />KAIZEN is Japanese word for improvement. Kaizen was first implemented in several Japanese businesses during the country's recovery after World War II, including Toyota, and has since spread to businesses throughout the world.<br /><br />6. 5 S<br />SEIRI:- Sorting<br />SEITON:- Simplifying<br />SEISO:- Sweeping, systematic cleaning or shining<br />SEIKESTSU:- Standardizing<br />SHITSUKE:- Sustaining<br /><br />7. SIX SIGMA<br />The term six sigma comes from the field of statistics. Six Sigma approach has broadened to include such things as programme and project management tools and rules all of which are complementary to lean manufacturing. <br /><br />8. KANBAN<br />Kanban means "sign" in Japanese, and is a visual <br />reactive re-order point control system. <br /><br />TPM(TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE)<br />Another lean manufacturing tool, which is focused <br />on the objective of zero breakdowns. <br /><br />SIMULATION<br />There are two types of manufacturing system<br />simulation: computer and manual. This approach <br />enables operators to "buy-in" to the design of <br />the manufacturing system.<br /><br />9. TYPES OF WASTE<br />Over production<br />Transportation<br />Waiting<br />Inventory<br />Motion<br />Order processing<br />Defects<br /><br />10. CASE STUDY<br />In 1986 Motorola invented Six Sigma, a quality and business improvement methodology that is revolutionizing industry.Two decades and two Malcolm Baldridge Awards later, Motorola is still finding new ways to reinvent itself using this techniques.<br />Dan Tegel, Global Director, Digital Six Sigma Business <br />Improvement Motorola<br /><br />11. In 1980s US economy was facing downtrend as companies like Motorola were experiencing many problems.<br /><br />Like increasing complaints about warranty claims for defective products.<br /><br />Motorola sold its TV division Quasar to Matsushita, which is a Japanese electronic company.<br /><br />12. They found that Japanese management focused on preventing errors at the source therefore dramatically reduces the defects and the cost for rectifying them.<br /><br />In 1987 Galvin launched a long term quality program called “The Six Sigma Quality Program”.<br /><br />By 1992, Motorola aimed to achieve the overall quality level of 5.4 defects per million, a little less than Six Sigma which is 3.4 defects per million <br /><br />13. CONCLUSION<br />Upper management at the time generally thought increasing quality meant increasing cost. The use of Six Sigma proved the opposite was true. One of Motorola’s most significant contributions was to change the discussion of quality from the one where quality levels were measured in percentages (parts per hundred) to a discussion of parts per million. During inspiration from Motorola, many other corporates across the world began to adopt the Six Sigma methodology and the concept began to be loosely described as “ The Second Industrial Revolution.”<br /><br />14. Thanks<br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-384388550102011406?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-36649546987555252002011-05-19T02:38:00.000-07:002011-05-19T02:38:47.382-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On FDI</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17732w87mp5fr" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/fdi.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. Portfolio investment<br />Investment that does not involve obtaining a degree of control in a company<br /><br />Foreign Direct Investment <br />Purchase of physical assets or a significant amount of the ownership (stock) of a company in another country to gain a measure of management control<br /><br />2. Advantages of FDI<br /><br />Increase investment level and thereby income &amp; employment<br />Increase tax revenue of government<br />Facilitates transfer of technology<br />Encourage managerial revolution through professional management<br />Increase exports and reduce import requirements<br />Increase competition and break domestic monopolies<br />Improves quality and reduces cost of inputs<br /><br />3. Limitations of FDI<br /><br />Flow to high profit areas rather than main concern areas<br />Through their power and flexibility, MNC can undermine economic autonomy and control<br />Sometimes interferes in the national politics<br />Sometimes engage in unfair and unethical trade practices<br />Sometimes result in minimizing / eliminating competition and create monopolies or oligopolistic structures<br /><br />4. FDI equity limit-Automatic route<br />Insurance – 26%<br />Domestic airlines – 49%<br />Telecom services- Foreign equity 74%<br />Private sector banks- 74%<br />Mining of diamonds and precious stones- 74%<br />Exploration and mining of coal and lignite for captive consumption- 74%<br /><br />FDI requiring prior approval<br />Defense production – 26%<br />FM Broadcasting - 20%<br />News and current affairs- 26%<br />Broadcasting- cable, up-linking – 49%<br />Trading- wholesale cash and carry, export trading, etc., 100%<br />Tea plantation – 100%<br />Development of airports- 100%<br />Courier services- 100%<br /><br />5. 100% FDI permitted in India<br /><br />Engineering &amp; Manufacturing sectors <br />Roads &amp; Highways, Ports and Harbors<br />Industrial model towns/industrial parks<br />Hotels &amp; Tourism<br />Pollution Control and Management<br />Advertising &amp; Film industry<br />Power generation (hydro-electric, coal/lignite, oil or gas based)<br />Information Technology including E-Commerce<br /><br />6. Factors affecting FDI<br /><br />Profitability: Attract where return on investment is higher<br />Costs of production: Encouraged by lower costs of production like raw materials, labor .<br />Economic Conditions: Market potential, infrastructure, size of population, income level etc<br />Government policies: Policies like foreign investment, foreign collaboration, remittances, profits, taxation, foreign exchange control, tariffs etc.<br />Political factors: Political stability, nature of important political parties and relations with other countries.<br /><br />7. FII<br /><br />Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) are allowed to invest in the primary and secondary capital markets in India through the portfolio investment scheme (PIS). Under this scheme, FIIs/NRIs can acquire shares/debentures of Indian companies through the stock exchanges in India <br /><br />8. List of companies in which FII investment is allowed upto limits fixed by companies as indicated against their names<br /><br />Amtek Auto Ltd (74%) <br />Advanta India Limited 49% <br />Amtek India Ltd (74%) <br />Ahmednagar Forgings Ltd (74%) <br />Anant Raj Industries Ltd. (40%) <br />ANG Auto Ltd (49%) <br />Apollo Hospitals (74%) <br />Aptech Ltd (74%) <br />Arshiya International Limited (49%) <br />Bombay Rayon Fashions Ltd (40%)<br /><br />9. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY<br /><br />The main objective of the study is to know about in which sector the industries are invest our money FDI or FII.<br />To identify factors which inhibit higher FDI or FII flows and suggest remedial steps.<br />To examine policy reforms towards mergers and acquisition for attracting FDI or FII<br />To suggest changes in institutional apparatus and organizations, both in Centre and States, for attracting the FDI or FII flows.<br /><br />10. CONCLUSION<br /><br />The result of all these efforts are encouraging: the inflow of foreign capital has been steadily rising year to year so that FDI is better then FII<br />Investors based in many countries have taken advantage of the India-Mauritius bilateral tax treaty to set up holding companies in Mauritius which subsequently invest in India, thus reducing their tax obligations. <br />By industry, the largest destinations for FDI are electrical equipment (including computer software and electronics), services, telecommunication &amp; transportation.<br /><br />11. Thanks </div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3664954698755525200?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-92122066450157813022011-05-19T00:27:00.000-07:002011-05-19T00:27:08.472-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Share Market PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17667gqxqffg4" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/ppt%20on%20share%20mkt..ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Stock Exchange</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17698d6p2fmfm" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/STOCK%20EXCHANGE.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Service Marketing Assignment On Stock Exchanges</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17718fdng7zdv" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Stock%20exchanges1%5B1%5D.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Stock Market Movements PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17721g7hz5ddt" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/STOCK%20MARKETs%20MOVEMENT%20DUE%20TO%20CHANGE%20IN%20OIOL.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-9212206645015781302?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-51064834745767704852011-05-19T00:00:00.000-07:002011-05-19T00:00:04.583-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Emotional Branding </b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17588hb3xkjgp" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/EMOTIONAL%20BRANDING.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. THE ONLY FACTOR BECOMING SCARCE IN <br />A WORLD OF ABUNDANCE IS HUMAN ATTENTION.<br />--KEVIN KELLY<br />Emotional branding is a very powerful means of increasing <br />one’s market share and creating brand loyalty by triggering emotions of customers. <br /><br />2. COLOUR BRANDING<br /><br />COLOURS HAVE THE ABILITY TO CHANGE PEOPLE’S EMOTIONS. <br />HOW <br />COLOR PREFERENCES AFFECT YOUR BRAND AND <br />MARKETING STRATEGY ?<br /><br />3. UNDERSTANDING THE EMOTIONAL BRAND BENEFIT<br />Functional Benefit <br />Emotional Benefit<br />Social Benefit <br /><br />4. KEY MANDATES FOR EMOTIONAL BRANDING: <br /><br />Consumers buy, People live.<br /><br />Product fulfill needs, experiences fulfill desires.<br /><br />Identity is recognition. Personality is about character and charisma!<br /><br />5. Conclusion…………………..<br /><br />EMOTIONAL BRANDING IS THE NEW MANTRA………<br /><br />6. Thanks</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-5106483474576770485?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-30741213783142576242011-05-18T22:29:00.000-07:002011-05-18T22:29:26.109-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Employee Engagement</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17552fc8xtngn" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/EMPLOYEE%20ENGAGEMENT.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. GLOBAL TELECOM INDUSTRY <br /><br />Telecommunication is an important part of modern society.<br />The global mobile phone industry has been growing at a rapid pace due to rising demand for advanced cell phone. <br />The mobile technology has become blood veins for economic development in developing countries because it has emerged as the cheapest and fastest way of communication for small businesses and enterprises. <br />Growing competition among mobile companies of developing countries have substantially reduced tariff rates and prices of handsets, thus making mobile phones affordable to people and contributed to the boom in the industry worldwide. <br />Introduction of new and more advance technologies like Mobile TV, 3G, 4G, Mobile WiMAX, and other services are catching the attention of consumers both in developing and developed countries.<br /><br />2. VODAFONE IN GLOBAL MARKET<br /><br />Focus of Vodafone in Global Market<br />Cost reduction and revenue stimulation in Europe<br />Deliver strong growth in emerging markets<br />Innovate and deliver on our customers’ total communications needs<br />Actively manage our portfolio to maximize returns<br />Align capital structure and shareholder returns policy to strategy<br /><br />3. INDIAN TELECOM MARKET<br /><br />The Indian telecom market has been displaying sustained high growth rates. <br />India constitutes one of the fastest emerging telecommunications market in the world. <br />India has the third largest telecom network in the world, and the second largest among the emerging economies of Asia which is growing at a very high rate.<br />As of March 2010, India had about 584 million subscribers in total contributing to the total tele-density of about 49.6% penetration rate.<br /><br />4. Mobile Network Statistics <br /><br />The total Vodafone subscribers in India are 74080707 or 24.17% of the total 306453590 mobile connections in India till May 2009.<br /><br />5. COMPANY PROFILE <br /><br />Vodafone, the world’s leading international mobile communications company, has fully arrived in India on Sep 19, 2007 Mumbai.<br />Vodafone completed the acquisition of Hutchison Essar in May 2007 and the company was formally renamed Vodafone Essar in July 2007. <br />Vodafone Essar in India is a subsidiary of Vodafone Group Plc and commenced operations in 1994 when its predecessor Hutchison Telecom acquired the cellular license for Mumbai. <br />Over the years, Vodafone Essar, under the Hutch brand, has been named the 'Most Respected Telecom Company', the 'Best Mobile Service in the country' and the 'Most Creative and Most Effective Advertiser of the Year'. <br /><br />6. MISSION<br /><br />“To be the communications leader in an increasingly connected world – enriching customers’ lives, helping individuals, businesses and communities be more connected by delivering their total communication needs”.<br /><br />Vodafone's logo is a true representation of that belief - the start of a new conversation, a trigger, a catalyst, a mark of true pioneering.<br /><br />7. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY<br /><br />TITLE: EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AT VODAFONE, JAIPUR <br />OBJECTIVES: <br />The whole study concentrates on the following objectives:-<br />To study the employee engagement practices running in VODAFONE, Jaipur.<br />To measure the satisfaction levels of the on-roll employees of the Jaipur head-office by conducting an ESAT survey.<br />To determine the effect of employee engagement activities on employee satisfaction, and to interpret the relationship between them.<br />To find out the key strengths and weaknesses of the organization on the prospective of the employees.<br /><br />8. DATA SOURCES<br />Primary- Interviews, questionnaire &amp; Internet<br />Secondary- HR Manual, documents, surveys, case studies &amp; text books on HR practices and HR Policies were used.<br /><br />SAMPLE SIZE<br />The sample size was 150 that included on-roll employees of various departments of VODAFONE, Jaipur.<br /><br />DATA COLLECTION<br />Primary Data was collected for the survey. The sample size was 150 that included on roll employees of various departments of VODAFONE, Jaipur.<br /><br /><br />9. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT<br /><br />Engagement can be defined as “the extent to which people enjoy and believe in what they do and feel valued for doing it.”<br />Employee engagement is referred to the involvement and the level of commitment which the employees have towards the company they working in.<br />A fully engaged employee<br />is intellectually and emotionally bound with the organization<br />gives 100 percent<br />Feels passionately about its goals and<br />is committed to live by its values.<br /><br />10. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PRACTICES AT VODAFONE, RAJASTHAN<br /><br />The Employee Engagement practices at VODAFONE, can be categorized as follows:<br />Communication<br />Fun At Work<br />Celebrations on Festivals.<br />CSR Activities<br />Training and Development.<br /><br />11. CONCLUSION<br /><br />The overall employee engagement score was 3.95 on a 5-point scale.<br />“Pride” scored the highest, indicating a huge sense of pride of association with the VODAFONE.<br />Employee engagement follows a 10:2 rule –which should be read as “a 10% increase in employee efforts, which in turn, leads to a 2% increase in employee productivity”. <br />The research also advocates that a highly-committed workforce is 87% less likely to leave the organization.<br /><br />12. Thank You<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-3074121378314257624?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-21318282782296614652011-05-18T21:50:00.000-07:002011-05-18T21:52:16.578-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Affiliate Marketing PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17321cp4b3jcn" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Affiliate%20marketing.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />1. Affiliate Marketing means the promotion of products or services of merchants via affiliates. Merchant is the one who wants to sell his products or services through the website. Affiliate is the one who is promoting through his website the products or services of the merchant.<br /><br />2. OBJECTIVE OF STUDYING AFFILIATE MARKETING—<br /><br />To discusses the present scenario in affiliate marketing<br />To highlights the improvements and benefits provided by affiliate marketing.<br />To highlight the ways by which a huge lot of customers can be generated.<br />To know the new tools and development in affiliate marketing.<br />To study the best way of generating high revenue.<br />To know how marketers influence the consumer through advertisement.<br /><br />3. STEPS IN AFFILIATE MARKETING--<br />Choose a Niche<br />Select Affiliate Programs<br />Build an Affiliate Site<br />Define the Budget<br />Drive Traffic to The Affiliate Website<br />Start a Product Review Blog<br />Build Your Email List<br />Interact With the Potential Customers<br />Build a Network Of down line Marketers<br />Work Hard<br /><br />4. RECENT TRENDS –<br /><br />High keyword prices will drive marketers to try new strategies to boost ROI<br />Paid search will become more integrated with the enterprise<br />Paid search will go multi-channel<br />More money will flow to the content network <br />Facebook and Twitter will emerge as serious challengers to Google<br /><br />5. COMPANIES PROVIDING AFFILIATE MARKETING—<br />COMMISION JUNCTION<br />DGM INDIA <br /><br />6. CONCLUSION<br /><br />Affiliate marketing program is a simple means through which you can earn huge amount of money on the web. In affiliate marketing program, one website helps another by putting up advertisement, content or link on another site which helps in generating traffic to their site. You can treat this like a business or a hobby. It is your choice to succeed or not. Adapt the mindset to be completely open to trying anything that may work and then to test and retest until you come up with a winning formula.<br /><br />7. Thank You<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-2131828278229661465?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-13346910187606310972011-05-13T20:29:00.000-07:002011-05-13T20:29:51.515-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Kavita Radheshyam Photo Shoot PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17308gjnjgmc5" width="410"></iframe><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><b>Kavita Radheshyam</b> who has worked in some Hindi movies and television shows now raise her hand to save animals. She did the photo shoot for this and also convey message with this photo shoot for save tiger. I think it’s really a great step for anyone to do something for animals who can’t say anything to us for their problems.</div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1334691018760631097?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-82994185199288126182011-05-10T03:33:00.000-07:002011-05-11T02:31:15.008-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>The Top Ten WWE Wrestlers Of 2011 PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17283rc3kv2gp" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/The%20Top%20Ten%20WWE%20Wrestlers%20Of%202011.pptx">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Description:</b></div><br />10 Dolph Ziggler is on no. 10 on this year. He captured world heavyweight championship so he is on no. 10.<br /><br />9 Sheamus is hitting two time WWE Championship and has good impression this year so far so he is on no. 9.<br /><br />8 CM Punk is showing great leadership in these days so he is on no. 8.<br /><br />7 John Morrison is really great athlete of WWE. He capturing good place in wrestlemania very soon so he is on no. 7.<br /><br />6 John Cena: No need to tell about this man. He is really a great Champion but this year he is down and he is on no. 6.<br /><br />5 Wade Barrett is the winner of&nbsp; NXT Season 1 and founder of Nexus, he is on no. 5.<br /><br />4 Randy Orton is most dangerous competitor of WWE he is on no. 4.<br /><br />3 The Miz: Everybody know Miz is awesome player because he defended his championship very well so he is on no.3.<br /><br />2 Alberto Del Rio is the man who reach top in no time. He just started his career in mid 2010 so he is on<br />no. 2.<br /><br />1 Edge is the master manipulator, the great Champion he is rated the superstar of 2011 .<br /><br />Thanks<br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-8299418519928812618?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-17955811328491904622011-05-05T00:18:00.000-07:002011-05-05T00:22:42.107-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Top 50 Hot Women Of 2011 PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17229f9dj9bds" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/top%2050%20hot%20womens.pptx">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Related PPTs</b></div><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2011/05/powerpoint-presentation-on-osama-bin.html">Osama Bin Laden</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-girls.html">Girls</a><br /><a href="http://powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com/2009/09/powerpoint-presentation-on-fashion-show.html">Fashion Show</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1795581132849190462?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-10030008476108791812011-05-02T07:52:00.000-07:002011-05-02T07:52:21.877-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Osama Bin Laden Dead PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17207vd95zdhm" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Osama%20Bin%20Laden%20Dead.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1003000847610879181?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-17252815561578282552011-05-02T04:35:00.000-07:002011-05-11T02:58:01.654-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On MRAM</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=2131340991079711773&amp;postID=1725281556157828255" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17162c4c592gc" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/MRAM.ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><br /><b style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #b45f06;">Description</span></b><br /><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Outline</span></b><br /><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Introduction</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetic RAM -A historical overview</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Why MRAM ???</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetic core RAM</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Basic principle</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetoresistance</span><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR)</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Tunnel Magnetoresistance (TMR)</span></li></ul></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">MRAM</span><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Fixed Layer</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Reading Process</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Writing Process</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Characteristics</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 0.958333em; margin: 0.182292em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">interference</span></li></ul></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Other RAM Technologies-DRAM,SRAM,FLASH RAM</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">MRAM Vs Other RAM Technologies</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Applications</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.833333em; line-height: 0.9625em; margin: 0.197917em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Future MRAM Improvements</span></li></ul><br /><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">INTRODUCTION</span></b><br /><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 1.16667em; line-height: 1.20089em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">By the early 1960</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">’</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">s, Magnetic Core RAM became largely universal as main memory, replacing drum memory</span></li><li style="font-size: 1.16667em; line-height: 1.20089em; margin: 0.28125em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">MRAM uses magnetism rather than electrical power to store bits of data.</span></li><li style="color: #a28e6a; font-size: 1.16667em; line-height: 1.08036em; margin: 0.28125em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Ferro-magnet</span></b></li></ul><div style="font-size: 1.16667em; line-height: 1.08036em; margin: 0.28125em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 92.8571%;">Ferro-magnet is the type </span></span></div><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.07812em; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.239583em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">of material used to develop</span></li><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.07812em; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.239583em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> MRAM</span></li><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.07812em; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.239583em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">&nbsp;</span></li><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.07812em; list-style-type: none; margin: 0.239583em 0pt 0em; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">MRAM </span></b><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">–</span></b><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">A Historical Overview</span></b></li><li style="color: #4e1610; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.19792em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> 2003 </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">- A 128 kbit MRAM chip was introduced, manufactured with a 180 nm lithographic process</span></li><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.19792em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> </span><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">2004 </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">- Infineon unveiled a 16-Mbit prototype, manufactured with a 180 nm lithographic process</span></li><li style="color: #4e1610; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.19792em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">2005 </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">- Sony announced the first lab-produced spin-torque-transfer MRAM</span></li><li style="color: #4e1610; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.19792em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> 2007 </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">- Tohoku University and Hitachi developed a prototype 2 Mbit Non-Volatile RAM Chip employing spin-transfer torque switching</span></li><li style="font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.19792em; margin: 0em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> </span><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">2008</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> - Scientists in Germany have developed next-generation MRAM that is said to operate&nbsp;</span></li></ul><br /><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Why MRAM ??? </span><br /><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;"><li style="font-size: 1.08333em; line-height: 1.08173em; margin: 0em 0pt 0.208333em; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Why MRAM Became an Important Research Topic</span><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Universal Memory (Computing &amp; Electronics)</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">“</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Instant-On</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">”</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> Computing</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Read &amp; Write to Memory Faster</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Reduced Power Consumption</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Save Data in Case of a Power Failure</span></li></ul></li><li style="font-size: 1.08333em; line-height: 1.08173em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Modern MRAM Technology Emerged from Several Technologies :</span><ul style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 1.5em; padding: 0pt;"><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetic Core Memory</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetoresistive RAM</span></li><li style="font-size: 0.846154em; line-height: 1.07955em; margin: 0.208333em 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Giant Magnetoresistance</span></li></ul><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">&nbsp;</span></li></ul><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnetic Core RAM</span></b><br /><div class="placeholder picture" id="picture22" style="height: 64.4444%; left: 44.375%; top: 27.9167%; width: 48.3333%;" title=""><svg height="100%" overflow="hidden" preserveaspectratio="none" style="left: 0pt; position: absolute; top: 0pt;" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="100%"><defs></defs><g></g></svg><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">The memory cells consist of wired threaded tiny ferrite rings (cores).</span><br /><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">X and Y lines to apply the magnetic filed.</span><br /><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Sense/Inhibit line to </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">‘</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">read</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">’</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;"> the current pulse when the&nbsp;</span><br /><br /><b><span style="color: #4e1610; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Basic Principle</span></b></div><div class="placeholder picture" id="picture22" style="height: 64.4444%; left: 44.375%; top: 27.9167%; width: 48.3333%;" title=""><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">The 2 Possible Magnetization States of a Ferromagnetic Element can be Described by a Hysteresis Loop</span></div><br />Magnetization of Film vs. <br />* The 2 Possible Magnetization States of a Ferromagnetic Element can be Described by a Hysteresis Loop<br /><br />* Two important concepts of MRAM<br />1.GMR<br /><br />2.TMR<br /><br />Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR)<br /><br />Two thin films of altering ferromagnetic materials and a non-magnetic layer-spacer.<br /><br />Tunnel Magnetoresistance (TMR)<br /><br />* Two thin films of altering ferromagnetic materials and an insulating spacer.<br /><br />* In ferromagnetic metals electronic bands are exchange split which implies different densities of states at the Fermi energy for the up- and down-spin electrons.<br /><br />Tunnel Magnetoresistance (TMR)<br /><br />* Spin of electrons is conserved in the tunneling process.<br />* Tunneling of up- and down-spin electrons are two independent processes → conductance occurs in the two independent spin channels.<br />* Electrons originating from one spin state of the first ferromagnetic film are accepted by unfilled states<br /><br />Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ)<br />Commonly used insulating materials are Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and crystalline Magnesium oxide (MgO)<br /><br />MRAM-structure<br />One of the two plates is a permanent magnet set to a particular polarity, the other's field will change to match that of an external field. <br /><br />MRAM: Fixed layer<br />The bottom layers give an effect of fixed (pinned) layer due to interlayer exchange coupling between ferromagnetic and spacer layer of synthetic antiferromagnetic.<br /><br />MRAM: Reading process<br />* Transistor is “ON”<br /><br /><br />* Measuring of electrical resistance of a small sense current from a supply line through the cell to the ground.<br /><br />MRAM: Writing process<br />* Transistor is “OFF” <br /><br /><br />* When current is passed through the write lines, an induced magnetic field is created at the junction, which alters the polarity of the free layer. <br /><br />MRAM: Writing process<br /><br />* In order to change the polarity of the free layer, both fields are necessary.<br /><br /><br />* Only the bit in which current is applied in both hard and easy axis will be written. The other bits will remain half-select.<br /><br />MRAM: Characteristics<br /><br />* Non-volatility<br /><br /><br />* Infinite endurance<br /><br /><br />* High speed performance<br /><br /><br />* Low cost<br /><br />Interference<br /><br />* Interference between adjacent cells<br />* Disturbance by digit line current to adjacent line current<br />* The effect of heat cause bit flip<br />* Risks of leaking current and other <br /><br />Other RAM Technologies<br />DRAM<br />Each bit of data is stored in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit<br /><br />Characteristics<br /><br />* Volatile<br />* The highest density RAM currently available<br />* The least expensive one<br />* Moderately fast<br /><br /><br />Other RAM Technologies<br />SRAM<br />Each bit is stored on four transistors that form two cross-coupled inverters<br /><br />Characteristics<br /><br />* Expensive<br />* Volatile<br />* Fast<br />* Low power consumption<br />* Less dense than DRAM<br /><br />Other RAM Technologies<br /><br />Flash RAM<br /><br />Stores information in an array of memory cells made from floating-gate transistors<br /><br />Characteristics<br /><br />* Cheap<br />* Non-volatile<br />* Slow<br />* Enormously durable<br />* Limited endurance<br /><br />APPLICATIONS<br />* Digital camera<br />* Cellular phones<br />* PDA<br />* Palm pilot<br />* MP3<br />* HDTV<br /><br />Future MRAM Improvements<br /><br />Thermal Assisted Switching<br /><br /><br />* Solves the first-generation selectivity and stability problems<br /><br /><br />* Cost-effective and scalable memory technology to at least the 32nm node <br /><br />Future MRAM Improvements<br /><br />Spin Torque Transfer<br /><br /><br />* No applied magnetic field<br />* Utilizes heavily spin polarized current<br />* The magnetization of nano-elements is flipped back and forth<br />* Still has challenges in basic physics and materials to overcome <br /><br />Refrences<br /># Bonsor, Kevin. How Magnetic RAM Will Work. 9 Feb 2003. <http: computer.howstuffworks.com="" mram.htm="">.<br /># Daughton, James. Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM). 4 Feb 2000. 1-13. 13 Feb 2003. <http: cs690b="" mram.pdf="" www.math.uwaterloo.ca="" ~m2wang="">.<br /># Goodwins, Rupert. Magnetic Memory Set to Charge the Market. ZDNet UK. 12 Feb 2003. 16 Feb 2003. <http: 0,,t481-s2130312,00.html="" story="" techupdate.zdnet.co.uk="">.<br /># Guth, M., Schmerber, G., Dinia, A. “Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Magnetic Random Access Memory Applications.” Materials Science and Engineering. Online 2 Jan 2002: 19. Science Direct. 16 Feb 2003. <http: www.sciencedirect.com="">.<br /># IBM Magnetic RAM Images. 16 Feb 2003. <http: 20001207_mramimages.shtml="" news="" resources="" www.research.ibm.com="">.<br /># Johnson, Mark. “Magnetoelectronic memories last and last.” IEEE Spectrum 37 (2000 Feb): 33-40.<br /><br />Thank You<br /><br /></http:></http:></http:></http:></http:></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-1725281556157828255?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-90965814079019985642011-05-02T03:24:00.000-07:002011-05-02T03:24:39.213-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Website Development Tool</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17046chz8srgg" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/facultyproject.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-9096581407901998564?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-44466973953757716172011-05-02T03:17:00.000-07:002011-05-02T03:17:41.527-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Electronics Cooling System PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17022f8jnvhdc" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/Electronic%20Cooling%20Systems.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-4446697395375771617?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>RAJnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2131340991079711773.post-67164166414509855792011-04-26T04:57:00.000-07:002011-05-18T22:07:19.042-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>Celebrity Endorsement PPT</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_16938d4htcpf7" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/celeb.end..ppt">Download</a><br /><br /><div style="color: #b45f06; font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b>PPT On Celebrity Endorsement</b></div><iframe frameborder="0" height="342" src="https://docs.google.com/present/embed?id=dcxfxw6d_17459gm7c7jfq" width="410"></iframe><br /><a href="http://bvmsolution.com/PPT/CELEBRITY%20endorsement.ppt">Download</a></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/2131340991079711773-6716416641450985579?l=powerpointpresentationon.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>